The Politics of Adoption International Perspectives on Law, Policy &

This book updates and significantly extends the first edition published by Springer in 2005. It addresses the social and legal functions of adoption, the changes currently taking place in England & Wales and developments in other common law countries.

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Kerry O’Halloran

The Politics of Adoption International Perspectives on Law, Policy & Practice Second edition

Kerry O’Halloran Australian Centre of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Studies Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, QLD Australia [email protected]

ISBN: 978-1-4020-9151-3

e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-9152-0

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008937453 © 2009 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 springer.com

To Molly

Acknowledgements

That The Politics of Adoption made it into a second edition owes a great deal to Professor Myles McGregor-Lowndes1 and to my other colleagues at the Australian Centre of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Studies. For their support and companionship I remain extremely grateful. The many academics, senior managers and others, whose contribution to the first edition did much to ensure the appearance of the second, have previously been acknowledged but the debt of gratitude for their efforts continues.2 This edition has similarly benefited from the kindness of those who took the time and trouble to read chapters and offer comments. The geographic and cultural spread of their contributions bears testimony to the international nature of this exercise. The sense of a shared collegiate endeavour, of time and effort selflessly invested by busy people to help me get this right, was very encouraging. While not suggesting that they have in any way ‘signed off’ these chapters, I do acknowledge that their contributions were enormously helpful. Although it is not possible to render a full account of the debt owed to so many it would be quite wrong not to acknowledge the particular contribution of a few. Ursula Kilkelly3 did much to broaden my outlook with her observations relating to the chapters on human rights and intercountry adoption. Geoffrey Shannon4 made very helpful comments in respect of the chapter on Ireland, as he had done in

1

Professor and Director, Australian Centre of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Studies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. 2 Including the following: Deborah Cullen, Secretary of the Legal Group, British Association for Adoption & Fostering (BAAF), London; Greg Kelly, Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland; Patrick Parkinson, Professor and Associate Dean, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, Australia; Lee Ann Basser, Associate Professor, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; Ann Estin, Professor of Law, University of Iowa, US; Charles Putnam, JD and Co-Director, Justiceworks, University of New Hampshire, US; and Barbara Woodhou