The relationship between adiposopathy and glucose-insulin homeostasis is not affected by moderate-intensity aerobic trai
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The relationship between adiposopathy and glucose-insulin homeostasis is not affected by moderate-intensity aerobic training in healthy women with obesity Andrée-Anne Clément 1,2 & Eléonor Riesco 3 & Sébastien Tessier 4 & Michel Lacaille 1,2 & Francine Pérusse 1,2 & Mélanie Coté 2 & Jean-Pierre Després 1,2 & John Weisnagel 5,6 & Jean Doré 1 & Denis R. Joanisse 1,2 & Pascale Mauriège 1,2 Received: 21 November 2017 / Accepted: 16 April 2018 # University of Navarra 2018
Abstract The contribution of adiposopathy to glucose-insulin homeostasis remains unclear. This longitudinal study examined the potential relationship between the adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L, a marker of adiposopathy) and insulin resistance (IR: homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), insulin sensitivity (IS: Matsuda), and insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test before and after a 16-week walking program, in 29 physically inactive pre- and postmenopausal women with obesity (BMI, 29–35 kg/m2; age, 47– 54 years). Anthropometry, body composition, VO2max, and fasting lipid-lipoprotein and inflammatory profiles were assessed. A/L was unchanged after training (p = 0.15), despite decreased leptin levels (p < 0.05). While the Matsuda index tended to increase (p = 0.07), HOMA decreased (p < 0.05) and fasting insulin was reduced (p < 0.01) but insulin area under the curve (AUC) remained unchanged (p = 0.18) after training. Body fatness and VO2max were improved (p < 0.05) while triacylglycerols increased and HDL-CHOL levels decreased after training (p < 0.05). At baseline, A/L was positively associated with VO2max, HDL-CHOL levels, and Matsuda (0.37 < ρ < 0.56; p < 0.05) but negatively with body fatness, HOMA, insulin AUC, IL-6, and hs-CRP levels (− 0.41 < ρ < − 0.66; p < 0.05). After training, associations with fitness, HOMA, and inflammation were lost. Multiple regression analysis revealed A/L as an independent predictor of IR and IS, before training (partial R2 = 0.10 and 0.22), although A/L did not predict the insulin AUC pre- or post-intervention. A significant correlation was found between traininginduced changes to A/L and IS (r = 0.38; p < 0.05) but not with IR or insulin AUC. Although changes in the A/L ratio could not explain improvements to glucose-insulin homeostasis indices following training, a relationship with insulin sensitivity was revealed in healthy women with obesity. Keywords Adiponectin . Leptin . Insulin sensitivity . Brisk walking . Menopausal status
* Pascale Mauriège [email protected] 1
Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
2
Québec Heart and Lung University Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
3
Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, and Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
4
Institut National de Santé Publique, Québec, QC, Canada
5
Lipid Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, QC, Canada
6
Diabetes Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier
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