The relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and photoprotection in young leaves of two dominant tree species in su
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and photoprotection in young leaves of two dominant tree species in subtropical forests in different seasons Zheng‑Chao Yu1 · Wei Lin1 · Xiao‑Ting Zheng1 · Wah Soon Chow2 · Yan‑Na Luo1 · Min‑Ling Cai1 · Chang‑Lian Peng1 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Increasing amounts of experimental evidence show that anthocyanins provide physiological protection to plants under stress. However, the difference in photoprotection mediated by anthocyanins and other photoprotective substances in different seasons is still uncertain. To determine the relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and the photoprotective effects in different seasons, Castanopsis chinensis and Acmena acuminatissima, whose anthocyanin accumulation patterns differ in different seasons, were used as materials to explain how plants adapt to different seasons; as such, their physiological and biochemical responses were analyzed. Young leaves of C. chinensis and A. acuminatissima presented different colors in the different seasons. In summer, the young leaves of C. chinensis were purplish red, while those of A. acuminatissima were light green. In winter, the young leaves of C. chinensis were light green, while those of A. acuminatissima were red. Compared with the young red leaves, the young light green leaves that did not accumulate anthocyanins had higher flavonoid and phenolics contents, total antioxidant capacity, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and relative membrane leakage, and a slower recovery rate in the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) after high-light treatment. In addition, the net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (gs), and the effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) of the young leaves in winter were significantly lower than those in summer, while the activities of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) were significantly higher than those in summer. These data indicate that to adapt to seasonal changes anthocyanins, other antioxidative substances and antioxidative enzymes, as well as components involved in the safe dissipation of excitation energy as heat need to cooperate with one another. Keywords Environmental stress · Anthocyanins · Antioxidative substances · Antioxidative enzymes · Photoprotection
Introduction
Zheng-Chao Yu and Wei Lin share co-first authorship and have contributed equally to this work. * Chang‑Lian Peng [email protected] 1
Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
2
The mild climate of subtropical regions gives plants the opportunity to grow year-rou
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