The Response of Composite Laminates Subjected to Blast and Impact Loading at Various Temperatures
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RESEARCH PAPER
The Response of Composite Laminates Subjected to Blast and Impact Loading at Various Temperatures Rahul Singh Dhari1,2 · Nirav P. Patel2 Received: 8 January 2020 / Accepted: 2 June 2020 © Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc 2020
Abstract The objective of present work is to investigate the behavior of basalt/epoxy composite laminate under impact and blast loads at various temperatures while considering different ply-groups and volume fractions. Micromechanical strength prediction and bridging model is used to compute the properties for laminate at various temperatures. An elastic–plastic continuum damage mechanics (CDM) based numerical model is implemented via VUMAT subroutine in ABAQUS with failure criteria representing failure modes in fiber and matrix, delamination, and cohesive behavior. The results are validated with simulated and experimental results available in the literature. The response of laminate is discussed in terms of displacement, damage modes, and energy absorption. Keywords Composites · Progressive damage · Impact · Explosion · Temperature · Damage assessment
Introduction From the accidental failure of aircraft and naval structures to the rise of terrorism to the global level, there is a need of protective structures that can prevent the loss of lives in such situations. Such structures including critical parts of ships, aircraft, and automobiles are usually made from composite materials to safeguard its inhabitants. Failure of these structures is often due to their exposure to impact, blasts [1, 2] or fire as well as harsh operating temperatures [3]. Attempts have been made to convert the physical phenomenon of an explosion to a numerical model so that the response of structures can be studied in a simulation environment. The detonation of explosives results in a chemical reaction whose product compresses the air near it and accelerates it to a very high detonation velocity that results in a discontinuity in temperature, pressure, density, and velocity [4]. This jump is also responsible for the variation in mass, momentum, and energy that are represented through Rankine–Hugoniot jump equations [4]. According * Nirav P. Patel [email protected] 1
Mathscapes Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
2
to Karagiozawa et al. [5, 6], the waveform follows exponential decay law as one moves away from the point on the explosive charge circle. However, Sitnikova et al. [7] states that the radius of perforation on the plate is smaller than explosive charge radius that leads to application of law of exponential decay from the point outside perforation circle and the effect of the pressure wave is negligible outside explosive charge circle. It has also been reported [5] that pressure varies across the surface of the disk and it is constant only near the center. The modeling of blast wave as a function of time is represented using Friedlander’s eq
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