The risk of low birth weight and associated factors in West Bengal, India: a community based cross-sectional study
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(2020) 68:27
Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette
RESEARCH
Open Access
The risk of low birth weight and associated factors in West Bengal, India: a community based cross-sectional study Amitava Pal1,2*, Sourav Manna3, Balaram Das4 and Prakash C. Dhara5
Abstract Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a challenging multifaceted public health problem as it associated with infant mortality. Present study was undertaken to assess magnitude and risk factors associated with LBW in West Bengal, India. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 2611 birth episodes in different districts of West Bengal using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, followed by systematic random sampling methodology. Participants were interviewed by semi-structured questionnaires containing socio-demographic, pregnancy, and mothers’ health-related variables. Results: This study revealed that 21.49% infants were born LBW. The risk of LBW was higher among women those age < 20 years and BMI < 18.5 kg/m2. The odd of giving LBW baby were higher among women having weight < 45 kg and height < 150 cm. Anemic (AOR 3.33) and hypertensive (AOR 1.69) women were more likely to give LBW baby. Preterm delivery (AOR 1.93) and history of chronic illness (AOR 2.09) were the determinants of LBW. The odd of LBW was higher among women who never followed ANC visit (AOR 1.35). The likelihood of giving LBW baby was higher among women who did not consume iron folic acid tablet and additional diet during pregnancy. More LBWs were observed among women who were from low socioeconomic family, rural residence, and illiterate. Conclusions: This study provided scientific recommendations during preconception period which will help to target women who may potentially benefit from lifestyle and dietary interventions. To reduce LBW community specific strategies such as improving awareness of the community and utilization of existing maternal health services is essential. Keywords: Low birth weight, Maternal risk factors, Environmental risk factors, Socio economic risk factors, Prematurity
Background Low birth weight (LBW) (birth weight < 2.5 kg) is a major challenging public health problem because it is a leading cause of neonatal death and major risk factor for infant and under-five morbidity and mortality [1, 2]. The magnitude of LBW varies from country to country. * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Deparment of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, West Bengal -700009, India 2 Department of Physiology, Panskura Banamali College, Purba Midnapore, West Bengal, India Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Worldwide, out of every seven infants, one is born with LBW [3]. Globally, more than 20 million infants (15.5% of all live births) per year are born with LBW [4]. More than 95% of LBW infants are born in developing countries [4–6]. The magnitudes of LBW in developing countries (16.5%) tended to be double than that of developed countries (7.0%) [4]. In India, 30-35% babies are LBW, howev
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