The Role of Epigenetics in the Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyp
- PDF / 1,123,710 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 22 Downloads / 156 Views
RHINOSINUSITIS (J MULLOL, SECTION EDITOR)
The Role of Epigenetics in the Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyp Tiancong Liu 1 & Yang Sun 1 & Weiliang Bai 1 Accepted: 24 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common and heterogeneous inflammatory disease. The underlying epigenetic mechanisms and treatment of CRSwNP are partially understood. Of the different epigenetic changes in CRSwNP, histone deacetylases (HDACs), methylation of DNA, and the levels of miRNA are widely studied. Here, we review the human studies of epigenetic mechanisms in CRSwNP. Recent Findings The promoters of COL18A1, PTGES, PLAT, and TSLP genes are hypermethylated in CRSwNP compared with those of controls, while the promoters of PGDS, ALOX5AP, LTB4R, IL-8, and FZD5 genes are hypomethylated in CRSwNP. Promoter hypermethylation suppresses the gene expression, while promoter hypomethylation increases the gene expression. Studies have shown the elevation in the levels of HDAC2, HDAC4, and H3K4me3 in CRSwNP. In CRSwNP patients, there is also an upregulation of certain miRNAs including miR-125b, miR-155, miR-19a, miR-142-3p, and miR-21 and downregulation of miR-4492. Epigenetics takes part in the immunology of CRSwNP and may give rise to endotypes of CRSwNP. Both HDAC2 and the miRNA including miR-18a, miR-124a, and miR-142-3p may take function in the regulation of glucocorticoid resistance. HDAC inhibitors and KDM2B have shown effectiveness in decreasing nasal polyp, and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) or HDAC inhibitors may have a potential efficacy for the treatment of CRSwNP. Summary Recent advances in the epigenetics of CRSwNP have led to the identification of several potential therapeutic targets for this disease. The use of epigenetics may provide novel and effective biomarkers and therapies for the treatment of nasal polyp. Keywords Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) . Nasal polyp . Epigenetics . Methylation . Histone deacetylase (HDAC) . miRNA
Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an increasingly important medical problem with significant adverse impact on patient quality of life and the current therapies often prove inadequate. For the purposes of evaluating and treating these patients, current recommendations divide CRS into two subsets defined by the presence or absence of nasal polyps (NPs): CRS with NP (CRSwNP) and CRS without NP (CRSsNP) [1•]. The prevalence of nasal polyps was 2.7% (95% confidence interval, 1.9–3.5), and polyps were more frequent in men (2.2 to 1), the elderly (5% at ≥ 60 years of age), and This article is part of the Topical Collection on Rhinosinusitis * Weiliang Bai [email protected] 1
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
asthmatics [2]. While nasal polyps are observed in a variety of clinical conditions including cystic fibrosis and malignancy, they are benign and typically develop bi
Data Loading...
