The Role of Industrial Design in Effective Post-disaster Management
In the aftermath of a natural disaster, post-disaster management (PDM) stakeholders tackle both the planning for and delivery of the subsequent recovery phase to reinstate permanent, safe and sustainable livelihoods to affected communities. Such complex s
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Abstract In the aftermath of a natural disaster, post-disaster management (PDM) stakeholders tackle both the planning for and delivery of the subsequent recovery phase to reinstate permanent, safe and sustainable livelihoods to affected communities. Such complex scenarios demand particular capabilities from a range of knowledge fields. Access to all types of required expertise can be difficult to arrange, and as such PDM practitioners face many ‘gaps’ that limit their efficacy in practices. This is often the case where specialised design expertise is required. Two aspects that arise when PDM skills are examined from an industrial design (ID) perspective are (a) the need to take a more holistic and human-centred design approach to augment the focus on civil infrastructure or urban scale and (b) the role of designedly systems and participatory approaches to assist in leveraging affected communities in the re-establishment of materially and technologically mediated daily activities. By framing various ID disciplinary methods inside the PDM practice, this paper explores the opportunities for a greater inclusion such methods in the development of a novel master’s course. Keywords Sustainability • User centred • Product-service system • Education • Design thinking
1 Introduction This paper outlines how industrial design (ID) might play a significant role in postdisaster management (PDM) – alongside other professions – in actualising sustainable recovery and resilience of communities impacted by a natural hazard. By describing the general context and principles that are used in PDM, we highlight some of the gaps that have been identified as challenges within the current practices. Then, we suggest that the inclusion of ID methodologies in PDM education can contribute to the effective and sustainable management of material and immaterial resources. A key element of taking an ID approach is the capability to work in
A. Avendano Franco (*) • L. Fennessy • J. Glover Department of Industrial Design, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Japan 2017 M. Matsumoto et al. (eds.), Sustainability Through Innovation in Product Life Cycle Design, EcoProduction, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0471-1_44
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cooperation with communities and relevant stakeholders by deploying a systems approach through participatory methods. Finally, we describe the development of a new master’s course based on specialised knowledge and practical skills drawn from a range of practitioners, academics and industry leaders.
2 Post-Disaster Management (PDM) Context 2.1
Response and Recovery Phases
In the literature, disaster management (DM) refers to the management of resources and lines of responsibility for dealing with the humanitarian aspects of emergencies to lessen their impacts [1]. DM can be divided into four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The first two phases take place before a disaster occurs; the latter two phases come after it has occurred [2].
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