The Silent Epidemic: Causes and Consequences of Medical Learner Burnout
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COMPLEX MEDICAL-PSYCHIATRIC ISSUES (MB RIBA, SECTION EDITOR)
The Silent Epidemic: Causes and Consequences of Medical Learner Burnout Lauren A. Gaston-Hawkins 1 & Francisco A. Solorio 2 & Grace F. Chao 3,4 & Carmen Renee’ Green 5,6,7,8,9,10 Accepted: 26 October 2020 / Published online: 28 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Clinician burnout has significant socioeconomic, health, and quality of life implications. However, there has been little attention directed at medical students and house officers (i.e., medical learners). This review provides pertinent evidence regarding burnout as it relates to medical learners including risk factors and potential interventions. We conclude with recommendations on future research directions and potential approaches to address this epidemic of medical learner burnout. Recent Findings Burnout is a significant issue among medical learners that is impacted both by interpersonal and environmental factors. There are points of heightened vulnerability for medical learners throughout their training. However, studies are unable to reach consensus regarding effective interventions to mitigate the impact of burnout. Furthermore, some elements of burnout are not readily reversible even after removing risk factors. Summary Burnout is a significant concern for medical learners with wide-ranging physical, emotional, and psychosocial consequences. However, the current body of literature is sparse and does not provide consistent guidance on how to address burnout in medical learners. It is clear additional attention is needed in understanding burnout among learners and establishing proactive approaches to minimize its negative impact. Keywords Burnout . Medical education . Medical students, trainees and learners . Residency . Mental health . Wellness
Introduction Defined as emotional and physical exhaustion due to excessive stress, burnout is associated with feeling overwhelmed, or emotionally drained, and an inability to meet demands. Due to burnout’s significant physical (e.g., fatigue), social (e.g.,
decreased interest in family, friends, and community), and emotional (e.g., depression, anxiety, and suicidality) impact on health and well-being, quality of life (including marital and family discord), and socioeconomic (including decreased work productivity) implications, it is receiving increasing attention across all public and private sectors [1]. In fact, the
This article is part of the Topical collection on Complex MedicalPsychiatric Issues * Lauren A. Gaston-Hawkins [email protected] 1
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University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA National Clinician Scholars Program (Veterans Affairs), Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arb
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