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Also by John Hassard TIME, WORK AND ORGANIZATION (with P. Blyton, S. Hill and K. Starkey) THE THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF ORGANIZATIONS (edited with D. Pym)

The Sociology of Time Edited by John Hassard University of Keele

Palgrave Macmillan

ISBN 978-1-349-20871-5 ISBN 978-1-349-20869-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-20869-2

© John Hassard, 1990

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990 All rights reserved. For information, write: Scholarly and Reference Division, St. Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 First published in the United States of America in 1990 ISBN 978-0-312-04151-9

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The sociology of time/edited by John Hassard. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-312-04151-9 1. Time-Sociological aspects. I. Hassard, John, 1953HM208.S65 1990 304.2'3-dc20 89-28434 CIP

Contents Preface

IX

List of Tables

vii

Notes on the Contributors

xviii

Acknowledgements

Xx

Introduction: The Sociological Study of Time John Hassard

1

PART I THE CONCEPT OF TIME 1 The Enigma of Time Elliott Jaques (1982)

21

2 The Problem of Time Georges Gurvitch (1964)

35

PART II SOCIAL-TIME 3 Time, Technics and Society Radhakamal Mukerjee (1943)

47

4 Social-time: A Methodological and Functional Analysis Pitirim Sorokin and Robert Merton (1937)

56

5 Varieties of Social-time Georges Gurvitch (1964)

67

6 The Structures and Meanings of Social-time J. David Lewis and Andrew J. Weigart (1981)

77

P ART III

CAPITALISM

7 The Making of a Capitalist Time Consciousness Nigel Thrift (1981)

105

8 Capitalism and the History of Work-time Thought Chris Nyland (1986)

130

PART IV WORK AND ORGANISATIONS 9 Time and Job Satisfaction Donald Roy (1960)

155

v

Contents

VI

10

Private-time and Public-time Eviatar Zerubavel (1979)

11 Time and the Long-term Prisoner Stanley Cohen and Laurie Taylor (1972) PART V

168 178

CULTURE AND PERSPECTIVE

12 Time Perspective and Social Structure

191

13 Time-reckoning in the Trobriands Bronislaw Malinowski (1927)

203

14 Time Perspectives of the Kabyle

219

Bibliography

238

Index

252

Lewis Coser and Rose Coser (1963)

Pierre Bourdieu (1963)

List of Tables 7.1 The curtailment of wakes in the Northampton area 7.2 Times kept by public clocks in England, Wales and Scotland, 17 February 1852 l2.1 Dominant and divergent time perspectives 13.1 Names of days in second and third quarters of the moon 13.2 Table of the moons

Vll

113 124 196 207 213

Preface ORIGINS OF THE BOOK The origins of this volume lie in a series of studies into the sociology of time conducted at the Universities of Aston, Cardiff and Keele during the 1980s. Together with colleagues of the Association for the Social Study of Time (ASSET), and in particular Peter Clark (Aston), Paul Blyton (Cardiff) and Ken Starkey (Nottingham), the writer has for several years been part of a research team exploring relationships between the concept of time and a number of contemporary sociological issues (e.g., leisure patterns, work scheduli