The solvent and treatment regimen of sodium selenite cause its effects to vary on the radiation response of human bronch
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The solvent and treatment regimen of sodium selenite cause its effects to vary on the radiation response of human bronchial cells from tumour and normal tissues Katrin Manda1 · Stephan Kriesen1 · Guido Hildebrandt1 Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 / Published online: 18 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Sodium selenite is often given to moderate the side effects of cancer therapy to enhance the cellular defence of non-cancerous cells. To determine whether sodium selenite during radiotherapy protects not only normal cells but also cancer cells, which would imply a reduction of the desired effect of irradiation on tumour during radiotherapy, the effect of the combined treatment of irradiation and sodium selenite was investigated. Human bronchial cells from carcinoma (A549) and normal tissue (BEAS-2B) were treated with sodium selenite and effects on growth and in combination with radiation on metabolic activity and cell cycle distribution were studied. The influence on radiosensitivity was determined via colony forming assays using different solvents of sodium selenite and treatment schedules. It was shown that sodium selenite inhibits growth and influences cell cycle distribution of both normal and tumour cells. Metabolic activity of normal cells decreased more rapidly compared to that of cancer cells. The influence of sodium selenite on radiation response depended on the different treatment schedules and was strongly affected by the solvent of the agent. It could be shown that the effect of sodium selenite on radiation response is strongly dependent on the respective experimental in vitro conditions and ranges from lead to an initially suspected but ultimately no real radioprotection to radiosensitizing up to no effect in one and the same cell line. This might be a reason for controversially described cell responses to radiation under the influence of sodium selenite in studies so far. Keywords Sodium selenite · Ionizing irradiation · A549 · BEAS-2B · Cell cycle · Metabolic activity Abbreviations BrdU Bromodeoxyuridine DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium FBS Foetal bovine serum NaCl Sodium chloride PBS Phosphate buffered saline
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-020-01437-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Katrin Manda katrin.manda@uni‑rostock.de Stephan Kriesen stephan.kriesen@uni‑rostock.de Guido Hildebrandt guido.hildebrandt@uni‑rostock.de 1
Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Introduction Selenium as an essential trace element is used as the inorganic form sodium selenite to moderate the side effects of cancer therapy [1] and enhance the cellular defence of healthy cells [2, 3]. The mode of action of sodium selenite is not yet known in detail. The effect appears to be based on different mechanisms. On the one hand, selenite has immunomodulatory functions
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