The success of using 2% lidocaine in pain removal during extraction of mandibular premolars: a prospective clinical stud
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
The success of using 2% lidocaine in pain removal during extraction of mandibular premolars: a prospective clinical study Firas A. Jamil* , Huda Moutaz Asmael and Mohammed Yahya Al-Jarsha
Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic effectiveness of a buccal infiltration technique combined with local massage (using 2% lidocaine) in the extraction of mandibular premolars to be utilized as an alternative to the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block. Methods: Patients eligible included any subject with a clinical indication for tooth extraction of the mandibular 1st or 2nd premolars. All patients were anesthetized buccally by local infiltration technique followed by an external pressure applied for 1 min directly over the injection area. In each case, another local injection was given lingually. All operations were started at approximately 5 min after the buccal injection. The collected data included age, gender, pain perception and its intensity during treatment at three checkpoints, apical tenderness, and the type of extraction. Any associated complications or difficulties were also recorded. Then the results were analyzed and interpreted using appropriate statistical tests. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 247 cases (1st premolar, n = 119; 2nd premolar, n = 128), predominantly male, were included. In 95% of study sample, the patients were satisfied with the dental extraction without any pain. However, in 5% of cases, pain was reported at the stage of tooth removal. Apical tenderness was found to be present in 11% of the total cases. Three teeth required surgical removal. Upon analysis, no significant differences in the success rates were detected between the 2 premolar groups or amongst the various age groups. Minor and transient side effects were reported in this study. Conclusion: The technique is simple and effective as well. It might be considered as an alternative anesthetic injection to the inferior alveolar nerve block for dental extraction of the mandibular premolars. Keywords: Buccal infiltration, Lidocaine, Articaine, Mandibular premolars, Inferior alveolar nerve block
Background Local anesthetic agents rank among the most frequently used drugs both in medicine and modern dentistry due to their pivotal role [1]. It is well known that a patients’ anticipation of pain may compromise dental treatment [2] and that the action of local anesthetic administration typically triggers anxiety [3]. * Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Teaching Hospital, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Bab-Al Moadham, P.O.Box 1417, Baghdad, Iraq
The inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is the most widely used anesthetic technique in the posterior mandible [4]. It provides profound anesthesia to perform surgical and restorative procedures in that area when it is administered successfully [5]. The reported success rates for IANB in the literature varies widely due to multipl
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