The determination of the initial straight length in root canals of mandibular premolars -an in vitro study
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
Eur J Med Res (2009) 14: 85-89
85 © I. Holzapfel Publishers 2009
THE DETERMINATION OF THE INITIAL STRAIGHT LENGTH IN ROOT CANALS OF MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS – AN IN VITRO STUDY B. Willershausen 1, A. Kasaj 1, B. Röhrig 2, B. Briseño 1
2 Institute
1 Department of Operative Dentistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
Abstract The aim of the present roentgenographic in vitro study was to determine the initial straight length from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the appearance of a root canal curvature in human mandibular premolars. A total number of 282 mandibular premolars were examined. Exclusion criteria comprised root caries, extensive restorations and endodontically treated teeth. The teeth were fixed and digitally radiographed by means of a specially developed fixation device with standardized and reproducible distances with the parallel technique (Heliodent MD; Merlin 2.1). The distances from the CEJ to the first curvature (> 5°) (distance I), from the first curvature to a second curvature (distance II), and from the first or second curvature to the radiological apex (distance III) were recorded. The lengths of the initial straight distance and the appearance of a curvature were statistically analyzed and related to each other. In first mandibular premolars, the mean value for distance I was 10.9 mm, for distance II 3.7 mm and for distance III 3.04 mm. The mean values for the second mandibular premolars were 1.1 mm in distance I, 4.3 mm in distance II and 3.1 mm in distance III. No statistically significant differences between left and right mandibular premolars could be observed regarding the canal curvature location and the angle values. The results of this investigation show that curvatures are increasingly observed 9 to 12 mm from the original path in mandibular premolars. Key words: Mandibular premolars, root canal curvature, in vitro study
INTRODUCTION
Conventional endodontic treatment has experienced an impressive progression over the last decades basically through a more efficient desinfection of the root canal system supported by new irrigation and instrumentation methods combined with increasing information about morphological complexities [6, 10, 15]. The success of root canal therapy is dependent on a thorough knowledge of the root and root canal morphology in order to locate the root canals and properly clean, shape, and obturate the canal space in three dimensions, thus the study of root and canal anatomy has endodontic and anthropologic significance [7, 8].
In fact it is important to be familiar with variations in tooth anatomy because such knowledge can aid in locating canals and their subsequent management. Techniques and recommendations for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth have developed from the use of rigid prefabricated metal posts to composite resins and fiber reinforced composite posts [17]. The use of fiber posts in combin
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