The survival, growth, and detoxifying enzyme activities of grasshoppers Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) expos
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER
The survival, growth, and detoxifying enzyme activities of grasshoppers Oedaleus asiaticus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) exposed to toxic rutin Yueyue Wang1 · Xunbing Huang1 · Babar Hussain Chang2,3 · Zehua Zhang2 Received: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © The Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology 2020
Abstract Secondary compounds from plants are often insecticidal. Rutin, a plant bioflavonoid, has demonstrated insect control activity. We studied the survival, growth, and detoxifying enzyme activities of grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus Bey-Bienko (Orthoptera: Acrididae) exposed to rutin using an artificial indoor feeding trial and field cage study for three years. O. asiaticus had reduced growth rate and decreased survival when exposed to rutin. The 7-day L C50 was 763.7 mg/L. Rutin induced an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) representing oxygen damage. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD); and the detoxifying enzymes, cytochrome P450s (CYP450s), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGTs), carboxylesterase (CarEs), and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs) were all significantly increased when Oedaleus asiaticus exposed to rutin. Rutin was toxic to O. asiaticus and suppressed grasshopper growth. The detrimental effects of rutin to O. asiaticus offer a new option for the development of biological pesticides and potential application to grasshopper biological control. Keywords Rutin · Grasshopper · Detoxifying enzymes · Survival · Biopesticides
Introduction The use of synthetic pesticides in plant protection has contributed to agricultural development but has also caused many environmental problems (Jallow et al. 2017; SenthilNathan 2013). Some pesticides have harmed non-target Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-020-00694-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yueyue Wang [email protected] * Xunbing Huang [email protected] 1
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, People’s Republic of China
2
State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
3
Department of Entomology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan
organisms and damaged ecosystems (Atreya et al. 2012; Cevizci et al. 2015). Therefore, ecofriendly and biodegradable pesticides that have lower toxicity to humans and non-target organisms should be developed (SenthilNathan 2013). Botanical insecticides are typically derived from plant secondary metabolites (Campos et al. 2018; De Oliveira et al. 2014). Desirable features of botanical pesticides include their rapid environmental degradation and minimal bioaccumulation (Isman 2014; Monsreal-Ceballos et al. 2018; Senthil-Nathan 20
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