Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Terahertz-Range Gyrotrons with Frequency and Spectrum Control
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Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Terahertz-Range Gyrotrons with Frequency and Spectrum Control G. G. Denisov 1 & M. Y. Glyavin 1 & A. E. Fedotov 1 & I. V. Zotova 1 Received: 7 October 2019 / Accepted: 21 January 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
We present the results of recent IAP RAS investigations, which were aimed at controlling the radiation frequency and spectrum of THz-range medium-power gyrotrons. Problems of extending the smooth frequency tuning band and providing high-frequency stability in CW regimes are discussed. The development of gyrotrons with stated parameters are of interest for many modern applications, including DNP/ NMR and RAD spectroscopy, direct measurements of positronium hyperfine structure, and diagnostic of various media. Keywords gyrotron . THz . frequency control . tunability . stabilization . Phase-Locked Loop . delayed reflection . spectroscopy and diagnostic of various media
1 Introduction Development of coherent radiation sources operating in sub-THz and THz frequency bands is of great interest for various applications in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, etc. At present, the most attractive sources of coherent radiation in these regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are the gyrotrons, which in terms of output power level, compactness and cost value have a significant advantage compared with solid-state devices, classical (slow-wave) vacuum tubes, free-electron lasers (FELs), etc. It should be noted that a conventional goal in the gyrotron development is related to the power and frequency increase. Over the last few years, there has been qualitative progress in increasing the power level of terahertz-range gyrotrons (see [1–6] and the references therein). Modern gyrotrons demonstrate MW power radiation in CW regimes for frequencies of about 0.17 THz [1], and successful advancement to frequencies over 1 THz in pulse regimes at the kilowatt power level [4].
* I. V. Zotova [email protected]
1
Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves
However, without denying the importance of output power and efficiency, the requirements for radiation frequency and spectrum control are now becoming more acute. For example, for many modern applications related to spectroscopy, a CW oscillation regime with narrow radiation spectrum and wideband frequency tuning is in high demand at relatively lower (0.01–0.1 kW) power of THz radiation. For a number of cases, this can be achieved by sacrificing the generation efficiency. Nevertheless, even with an efficiency of a few percent (much lower than a typical value of about 30%), the output power of gyrotrons will be several orders of magnitude higher than the power of classical BWOs and solid-state oscillators. Thus, control of the radiation frequency and spectrum of THz gyrotrons opens up new possibilities for scientific research. In this paper, we report on the most remarkable
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