Thermal and dielectric investigation of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with PVC via click chemistry
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Thermal and dielectric investigation of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with PVC via click chemistry Mustafa Ersin Pekdemir1 · Abdulrahman Tukur1,2 · Mehmet Coskun1 Received: 1 August 2020 / Revised: 25 September 2020 / Accepted: 2 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the first phase, PVC was modified with sodium azide through a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Then, the propargyl methacrylate was synthesized from propargyl alcohol and methacryloyl chloride. The copolymerization of propargyl methacrylate and vinyltrimethoxysilane was carried out by free-radical polymerization method in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 70 °C in with AIBN as the initiator. The magnetic nanoparticle was bonded to vinyltrimethoxysilane units of the copolymer. Finally, the copolymer with propargyl end group bearing the magnetic nanoparticle on its side chain was bonded to PVC-N3 by click reaction. FTIR spectroscopy was used for the characterization. The thermal stability of PVC decreased after the azidation reaction and increased by grafting of magnetic nanoparticles to the copolymer. Vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements revealed that the product reached saturation magnetization (Ms) at 33.7 emu/g, while the pure Fe3O4 nanoparticle showed Ms value of 53.2 emu/g. As the applied frequency increased, the dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss factor (ε″) of the copolymers diminished, while the AC conductivity (σac) increased. Keywords PVC · Magnetic nanoparticle · Click chemistry · Thermal and dielectric
Introduction Magnetic nanoparticles are an increasingly important area in industrial applications due to their electrical, thermal, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties. Likewise, magnetic nanoparticles are also widely used in several aspects [1]. One of the selected host polymer matrix is poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), which has an extensive range of uses, low production cost, biocompatibility, chemical resistance, and stability * Mustafa Ersin Pekdemir [email protected] 1
Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
2
Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Federal University Dutse, Dutse 7156, Jigawa, Nigeria
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Polymer Bulletin
[2, 3]. Additives such as wood fibers, clay, and calcium carbonate are used to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PVC [4]. It is reported that the electrical conductivity of PVC can be developed by casting PVC on chemically prepared polypyrrole film electrode [5] and carbon black conductive filler reinforced by the compression molding process [6]. Undoubtedly, the utmost studies have been conducted on the nucleophilic substitution reaction of chlorine, which is the first step in the formation of a functional group on PVC. Nucleophilic substitution in PVC of chlorine by a series of functional groups has been introduced by researchers as one of the best known methods to enhance some particular properties such as the thermal stability via the re
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