Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity Correlations in Different Kinds of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions at Atmospheric Pressu
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Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity Correlations in Different Kinds of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions at Atmospheric Pressure as a Function of Temperature Aycan Altun1 · Osman Nuri Şara1 Received: 23 September 2020 / Accepted: 17 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Surfactants with a wide range of uses are often preferred to reduce particle aggregation in nanofluid and provide stability. However, added surfactants affect the properties of not only nanofluids but also base fluids. In this study, binary mixtures were prepared by using water and three different surfactants, namely, SDS, Tween 80, and NP 10, in four different concentrations of 0.2 % to 0.8 % by weight, separately. Density, thermal conductivity, and viscosity values of these prepared mixtures were measured experimentally at atmospheric pressure and the temperature of 298 to 338 K. Then, correlations were derived with respect to the data obtained for the studied parameter ranges. According to the result, a quadratic polynomial with coefficients was fitted for the density equation and two models for viscosity behavior were derived. Moreover, Thermal conductivity correlations were developed as second-order polynomials of temperature and concentration function. The proposed correlations showed good agreement with our experimental results. Keywords Surfactant · Correlation · Density · Viscosity · Thermal conductivity
1 Introduction Surfactants are among the versatile products of the chemical industry used in many different fields. In recent years, surfactant applications have expanded to high technology fields, such as electronic printing, magnetic recording, biotechnology, microelectronics, and viral research [1, 2]. Surfactants are generally long organic molecules consisting of hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and divided into four groups: nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants according to the charge of their water-loving groups. Surfactants * Aycan Altun [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
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form self-occurring molecules known as micelles in the solution and help reduce surface tension between two phases. There has been many studies on the critical micelle concentration (CMC), molar volume expansion, and thermodynamic properties of surfactants [3–6]. The behavior and micellization processes of surfactants occupy an important place in colloid chemistry and surface chemistry. One of them is to use in the preparation of colloidal suspensions. Colloid mixtures formed by particles smaller than 100 nm in fluids are called nanofluids [7]. Nanoparticles must remain suspended in the liquid, but they tend to form clusters due to having high surface areas and energies. These particle clusters change the properties of fluids, like hydrodynamic proper
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