Thermal Hydrolysis to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Wastewater Sludge
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WATER POLLUTION (G TOOR AND L NGHIEM, SECTION EDITORS)
Thermal Hydrolysis to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Wastewater Sludge Sheng Chang 1 & Jameson Filer 1 Accepted: 23 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review The objective of this review is to provide a closer check on the recent development in the thermal hydrolysis (TH) of wastewater sludge for anaerobic digestion performance enhancement with the focuses on the solubilization of sludge and macromolecules, organic micropollutants removal, TH-AD integration, and TH process (THP) energy balances. Recent Findings The recent research has developed improved understanding of the thermal hydrolysis mechanisms of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipid components of sludge and the characteristics of soluble COD in TH-treated sludge. Studies showed that TH treatment can partially remove micropollutants, but it has limited impact on the bioavailability of those compounds. For the THP and AD integration, the post TH and intermediate TH treatment have been introduced as two alternatives of the TH pretreatment, which have demonstrated the ability to achieve higher methane yields and VSS reduction. Summary TH is a well-established technology for anaerobic digestion performance enhancement due to its ability to improve digestion loading rate, sludge biodegradability, and sludge dewaterability. The recent studies elucidated the mechanisms of sludge TH, characteristics, and biodegradability of hydrolysis products, fate of nutrient and micropollutants in sludge TH, and the effect of AD-TH integration on methane production and VS reduction. Future work in sludge TH is still needed to reveal the mechanisms of production of refractory organics during TH treatment, optimize the design and operation of the ITHP-AD and AD-PsTHP processes, and improve the energy efficiency of TH-AD processes through energy reduction and recovery. Keywords Thermal hydrolysis . Anaerobic digestion . Wastewater sludge . Methane production . Intermittent thermal hydrolysis . Digestate treatment
Introduction Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an attractive process for the treatment of wastewater sludge because it can recover energy from the sludge and produce biosolids that can be used as fertilizer. Thermal hydrolysis (TH), which was initially introduced as a sludge treatment technology to enhance sludge dewaterability [1–4], has recently been revived as a technology for anaerobic digestion performance enhancement due to its capacity to enhance the conversion of sludge organic content to methane gas
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Water Pollution * Sheng Chang [email protected] 1
School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
and to produce pathogen free biosolids for unlimited land application [2, 5–7]. TH treatment can disintegrate bacteria cells and break down macromolecules to make sludge organic content more accessible to anaerobic microorganism [2]. It is commonly accepted that the optimal TH te
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