Three novel complexes of copper: synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, HSA-binding and docking studies, and an
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Three novel complexes of copper: synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, HSA‑binding and docking studies, and antiproliferative activity Malihe Zahmati Eraj1 · Lars Eriksson2 · Mohammad Ramezani3 · Mona Alibolandi3 · Maryam Babaei3 · Amir Sh. Saljooghi1 Received: 23 February 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 © Iranian Chemical Society 2020
Abstract The present study aims to synthesize new copper(II) complexes in the presence of maltol, sodium saccharin and 3-hydroxyflavone. Characterization of the structure of Cu(II) complexes was carried out by FT-IR, CHN analysis and X-ray crystallography. Methods including fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking methods were applied to investigate the interaction of copper(II) complexes with human serum albumin. The cytotoxicity of complexes was screened for antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and cis-platin used as a comparative standard by MTT assay. The experimental results indicated that the fluorescence quenching of HSA by complexes 1–5 was a static quenching. Also, the results showed that complex 3, [Cu(saccharin)(bpca)(H2O)], has higher cytotoxicity compared to other compounds and cis-platin. Keywords Cu(II) complexes · MTT assay · Docking study · HSA interactions
Introduction During the process of DNA replicating and dividing, a cell may exits the normal path of division and grows abnormally, hence lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and its cancerousness [1–3]. Cancer, as one of the main causes of human death, has attracted special attention today [4, 5]. Although many efforts have been made to prevent and treat cancer, this disease is known to be a major threat to human health today [6–10]. The discovery of cis-platin in the twentieth century developed a new research field in designing new drugs based on metal ions [11–13]. Undoubtedly, cis-platin Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-02067-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Amir Sh. Saljooghi [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 91775‑1436 Mashhad, Iran
2
Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
3
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
is one of the most effective agents in treating different types of cancers. However, due to its various side effects, its use as a pharmaceutical agent has been limited [14–17]. Therefore, increasing efforts have been made to prepare and discover new drug compounds in drug development process [18–21]. In an effort to find the best alternative to platinum drugs, much attention has been concentrated on copper complexes [22–25]. Copper, as one of the active biological metals, plays an important role in the process of metabolism, in the structure of the vital enzymes of the body, in DNA synthesis and etc. Furthermore, its presen
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