Tin Sulfide Flower-Like Structure as High-Performance Near-Infrared Photodetector
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08367-5 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
Tin Sulfide Flower-Like Structure as High-Performance Near-Infrared Photodetector MOHAMED S. MAHDI ,1,2,5 KAMAL H. LATIF,1 ASHWAQ A. JABOR,1 K. IBRAHIM,2 NASER M. AHMED,2 A. HMOOD,3 FALAH I. MUSTAFA,1 and M. BOUOUDINA4 1.—Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. 2.—School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Malaysia. 3.—College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq. 4.—Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain. 5.—e-mail: [email protected]
A pH reaction solution adjustment approach is proposed to improve the performance of a flower-like structure-based SnS photodetector. A relatively lowcost chemical bath deposition was adopted to control the growth of a SnS flower-like structure onto a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The photoresponse characteristics were measured and analyzed using near-infrared (NIR) illumination (850 nm) at various bias voltages. The presented photodetector manifested excellent stability and photoresponse characteristics, including sensitivity (304), the rise time (0.11 s) and the decay time (0.15 s) at 3 V of bias voltage. Based on its good performance, flexibility, low cost, and non-toxic nature, the fabricated flexible photodetector is very promising in the range of NIR. Key words: SnS, flexible, flower-like structure, photoresponse, detectivity
INTRODUCTION Recently, because of their distinctive properties, specifically light weight and shock resistance in addition to biocompatibility, flexible optoelectronic devices have attracted great interest in numerous applications, in particular as energy-storage and wearable devices.1 Moreover, IV–VI semiconductors, such as GeSe, SnS, and PbS, have manifested optical activity in the infrared (IR) range. Hence, they have potential applications in near-infrared detectors 2 that can be used in telecommunications, thermal imaging, and environmental monitoring.3 In particular, SnS has received much attention due to its unique features, including being inexpensive, having stable characteristics in ambient conditions,4 and being non-toxic with a high absorption coefficient (104 cm1).5 The literature shows that SnS films have been grown using various
(Received March 21, 2020; accepted July 29, 2020)
techniques, such as electron beam,6 electrodeposition,7 spray pyrolysis,8 radio frequency sputtering,9 thermal evaporation,10 and chemical bath deposition (CBD).11–15 The last of these offers several advantages, namely being simple, cheap, and not requiring highly technical instrumentation and costly equipment. During the CBD process, the pH of the reaction solution plays a critical role in the nucleation of the particles and the growth of the film onto the substrate. Thus, the pH value has a direct influence on the particle morphology and size, the structure and crystallinity, and the optical and optoelectronic characteristics of the films.5,16,17 In a recent study, it was dem
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