Toward an Integrative Theory of Urban Design
This book takes a bold epistemological approach to address the fundamental questions that urban design has faced since its inception – questions concerning its legitimacy, definition, nature, content, purpose, theory, methods, jurisdiction and above
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Hossein Bahrainy · Ameneh Bakhtiar
Toward an Integrative Theory of Urban Design
University of Tehran Science and Humanities Series Series editor University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
The University of Tehran Science and Humanities Series seeks to publish a broad portfolio of scientific books, basically aiming at scientists, researchers, students and professionals. The series includes peer-reviewed monographs, edited volumes, textbooks, and conference proceedings. It covers a wide range of scientific disciplines including, but not limited to Humanities, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14538
Hossein Bahrainy Ameneh Bakhtiar •
Toward an Integrative Theory of Urban Design
123
Hossein Bahrainy Faculty of Fine Arts University of Tehran Tehran Iran
Ameneh Bakhtiar University of Arts Isfahan Iran
ISSN 2367-1092 ISSN 2367-1106 (electronic) University of Tehran Science and Humanities Series ISBN 978-3-319-32663-4 ISBN 978-3-319-32665-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32665-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016937353 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
Preface
A new field of the study (or an agglomerate of the old ones) has been emerging in the United States and in other countries since the turn of the last century. This is the field of ‘urban design’. Increasingly, however, questions have been raised by academicians, theorists, and professionals concerning the essence, legitimacy, knowledge base and content and methods of inquiry of the field. Lynch (1984), for example, considers city-design as an artistic activity, and based on the way it was taught and practiced in early 1980s calls it as ‘immature arts’. Sorkin (2007, 2009), in two controversial statements on the status and fate of
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