Toward whole-brain dopamine movies: a critical review of PET imaging of dopamine transmission in the striatum and cortex
- PDF / 1,198,318 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 82 Downloads / 153 Views
ADVANCES IN IMAGING (HADASSAH CONFERENCE)
Toward whole-brain dopamine movies: a critical review of PET imaging of dopamine transmission in the striatum and cortex Heather Liu1 · Yasmin Zakiniaeiz2 · Kelly P. Cosgrove2,3,4,5 · Evan D. Morris1,2,3,5
© The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication
Abstract The mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) circuit, comprising the mesolimbic and mesocortical DA pathways, plays a crucial role in reward, cognitive control, and motivation. The positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, [C-11]raclopride, has been used widely to image DA receptors and DA changes in the mesolimbic pathway before and after pharmacological and behavioral challenges. In certain circumstances, properties of traditional kinetic models— used to analyze dynamic PET data—are not well-suited to describing the effects of stimulus-induced DA release. To combat model shortcomings, the authors have advanced a suite of models that characterizes PET data in the presence of time-varying DA release. We review select [C-11] raclopride studies of the striatum during cigarette smoking to illustrate the advantages of such models. DA receptors occur in lower density in the cortex than the striatum. This, as well as higher relative background signal, poses a serious Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-017-9779-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Evan D. Morris [email protected] 1
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
2
Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
3
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
4
Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
5
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, Yale PET Center, P.O. Box 208048, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
challenge to quantitative PET of DA changes in the mesocortical system. Novel high affinity radioligands [F-18]fallypride and [C-11]FLB457 have been used to image mesocortical DA transmission. Models with time-varying terms may also hold the key to optimizing sensitivity to changes in mesocortical DA. As an illustration, we compare recent PET studies of the effect of stress on cortical DA release. Finally, we consider some challenges and strategies for further optimization of sensitivity of PET to stimulus-induced DA changes throughout the whole brain. Keywords Dopamine release · Neuroimaging · Kinetic modeling · Model limitations · Smoking · Stress
The mesocorticolimbic dopamine circuit Dopamine (DA) is an essential neurotransmitter for everyday brain functions including experiencing pleasure, regulating attention, and learning to control urges. There are two primary DA pathways in the brain that play fundamental roles in these functions – the mesolimbic and the mesocortical DA pathways. In the mesolimbic DA pathway, a rewarding stimulus, such as food or drug
Data Loading...
