Towards Ensuring Reliability of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using a Relay Selection Techniques and D2D Communications in 5
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Towards Ensuring Reliability of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using a Relay Selection Techniques and D2D Communications in 5G Networks Salman Goli‑Bidgoli1 · Naser Movahhedinia1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Benefiting from unlimited power supply, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), in a 5G platform, can deal superiorly with the challenges of providing high reliability. As a prerequisite for ensuring reliability, reducing message delivery delay is pursued by improving the performance of message broadcast protocol. The amount of exchanged overhead to select a relay node, and the time consumed to forward a message are the two foremost factors in this regard. In the other hand, cognitive radio (CR) and device-to-device (D2D) communication techniques have been considered inherently in 5G to overcome bandwidth shortage, coverage limitation and excessive delay. So, in this article, we study some relay selection algorithms appropriate for 5G-VANET and classify them based on network reliability requirements. Considering the capabilities of CR and D2D communications in 5G-VANET, a method is proposed to select the farthest available node to forward a message without any need to exchange control messages with other vehicles. Unlike other existing works, we decrease the impact of control data overhead on network reliability in terms of message delivery hops and delay. Our simulation results show the proposed method can significantly increase network reliability by reducing message delivery delay, as well as the number of hops needed to deliver a message to the furthermost vehicles in a platoon. Keywords Vehicular ad hoc network · 5G network · Reliability · Message dissemination protocol · Relay selection
1 Introduction Increasing demands from automobile manufacturers, as well as the diverse needs of customers, are directing the future towards interconnected and intelligent vehicles called “four-wheeled smartphones”; dedicated services and the ability to adapt to users’ needs are
* Salman Goli‑Bidgoli [email protected]; [email protected] Naser Movahhedinia [email protected] 1
University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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among the main properties of such networks. Since it is expected that all vehicles will be autonomous between 2030 and 2050, the next generation of vehicular communications has to meet high reliability along with low delay. 5G’s communicative potentials, such as D2D communication techniques, are highly effective in terms of providing required reliability for VANETs [1]. Applications of VANET can be divided into two general categories: safety and nonsafety. Non-safety applications include the exchange of useful information about the journey, such as parking and rest areas and entertainment like the internet and online games. The equipment of vehicles with On-Board Units (OBUs) and their ability to communicate with Road-Side Units (RSUs) are further capabilities of these networks. Two vital cuttin
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