Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants in Artuklu, Turkey
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Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants in Artuklu, Turkey Murat Kılıç 1
&
Kemal Yıldız 2 & Fatma Mungan Kılıç 1
Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We conducted an ethnobotanical field study of traditional medicinal plants in 91 villages of Artuklu District among four ethnic groups: Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic, and Assyrian. We interviewed 365 elderly informants and recorded traditional uses of 85 identified botanical taxa, including four endemic species previously unidentified as medicinal plants: Arum rupicola Boiss., Gundelia mesopotamica Fırat, Alkanna trichophila Hub.-Mor., and Crocus leichtlinii (Dewar) Bowles. We gathered data specifically on medicinal uses of these taxa to determine the relative importance of the species surveyed and calculate the informant consensus factor (FIC) in relation to medicinal plant use. The highest use values were recorded for the species Teucrium polium L. (0.78), Urtica dioica L. (0.60) and Crataegus azarolus L., (0.59), while the highest FIC was for gynecological diseases (0.93). Keywords Medicinal plants . Ethnobotany . Artuklu . Mardin . Southeastern Anatolia . Turkey
Introduction Globally, millions of people in the developing world rely on medicinal plants for primary health care, income generation, and livelihood improvement (WHO 2002; Calixto 2005). Between 50,000 and 70,000 plant species are used in both traditional and modern medicine throughout the world (Schippmann et al. 2006). Documentation of indigenous ethno-botanical knowledge is important for the conservation and utilization of biological resources especially as traditional uses are gradually declining (Muthu et al. 2006). Due to its geographical location at the intersection of Asian and European trade routes, geomorphic structure, and range of climate types, Turkey has a particularly rich flora of 12,000 species, including introduced species, of which 3035 are endemic (3788 including 500 endemic subspecies and 253 varieties), a high rate of endemism compared with other European Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-020-00180-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Murat Kılıç [email protected] 1
Department of Crops and Animal Production, Mardin Artuklu University, 47200 Mardin, Artuklu, Turkey
2
Department of Biology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Yunusemre, Turkey
countries (Ugulu et al. 2008; Güner et al. 2012). Interest in folk medical beliefs has increased since the beginning of the Republican period in 1923 (Baytop 1999) and has more recently drawn the attention of numerous researchers (Ertuğ 2004; Malyer et al. 2004; Gençay 2007; Çakılcıoğlu et al. 2007; Akan et al. 2008; Akgül 2008; Kargıoğlu et al. 2008; Satıl et al. 2008; Deniz et al. 2010; Kargıoğlu et al. 2010; Doğan and Bağcı 2011; Özüdoğru et al. 2011; Polat et al. 2011; Akyol and Altan 2013; Polat et al. 2013; Arasan 2014; Doğan 2014; Hayta et al. 2014; Ka
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