Transcriptional programs of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) in vitro and in vivo
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Transcriptional programs of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) in vitro and in vivo Jian‑hui He1 · Lichao Huang1 · Zhixun Guo4 · Shaoping Weng1,2,3 · Jianguo He1,2,3 · Xiaopeng Xu1,2,3 Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), causing serious infectious diseases to marine and freshwater fishes, is the type species of the genus Megalocytivirus, family Iridoviridae. In this study, the transcriptional programs of ISKNV in vitro (MFF-1 cells) and in vivo (spleens from mandarin fish) were investigated using real-time PCR. Transcription of all the putative open reading frames (ORFs) of ISKNV was verified. The temporal expression patterns of ISKNV ORFs in vitro and in vivo, including peak expression times (PETs) and relative maximal expression levels, were determined and compared. The K-means clustering with Spearman rank correlation was generated in heat maps constructed based on ISKNV ORF expression profiles in vivo and in vitro. The current study may provide a global picture of ISKNV infection at the transcription level and help better understand the molecular pathogenic mechanism of megalocytiviruses. Keywords Iridovirus · Megalocytivirus · Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus · Transcriptional program · Expression profile
Introduction Iridoviruses are icosahedral cytoplasmic DNA viruses with circularly permuted and terminally redundant DNA genomes, whose host range widely covers invertebrates and Edited by Simon D. Scott. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-020-01800-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jianguo He [email protected]; [email protected] * Xiaopeng Xu [email protected]; [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
2
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
3
Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
4
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute (CAFS), Guangzhou, PR China
poikilothermic vertebrates [1–3]. The family Iridoviridae is subdivided into 5 genera: Iridovirus, Chloriridovirus, Ranavirus, Lymphocystisvirus, and Megalocytivirus [4]. Megalocytiviruses infect up to a hundred of cultured fishes and cause swelling of infected cells in tissues, in particular spleen and kidney, leading to death [5, 6]. Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), a viral pathogen to mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi, and other dozens of marine and freshwater fishes, is the type species of the Megalocytivirus genus [7–10]. The ISKNV genome with a length of 111,362 bp containing 125 putative open reading fra
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