Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation Guk Young Ahn1, Hae-Seok Eo2, Dongwon Kim2 and Sung-Wook Choi1*
Abstract Background: Transdermal delivery is of great importance for the effective delivery of bioactive or therapeutic agents into a body. The microporation device based on radiofrequency can be used to enhance delivery efficiency by removing the epidermis layer. Methods: The micropores were developed on pig skin and human cadaver skin with dermal and epidermal layers by the microporation device. The regeneration of micropores in the human cadaver skin caused by microporation was confirmed using an optical microscope and haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining. The permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans) with different molecular weights through the pig and human cadaver skins were measured using Franz diffusion cell. Results: The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. The enhanced permeability through micropores was confirmed by Franz diffusion cell. The lower molecular weight of FITC-dextran permeated more on both human and pig skin. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. Conclusions: We believe that the microporation device can be used as a potential technique for effective transdermal drug delivery. Keywords: Microporation device, Human cadaver skin, Transdermal drug delivery
Background Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. However, the currently * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3–5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. To overcome these limitations, microporation devices that act as therapeutic vehicles for delivering drug molecules across the skin barriers have been developed. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and
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