Transformable Elements of the Heat Removal System of Space Nuclear Power Plant
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Transformable Elements of the Heat Removal System of Space Nuclear Power Plant M. A. Ladykoa, *, G. V. Volchkova, A. G. Vystavkina, and A. V. Matveeva a
AO Krasnaya Zvezda, Elektrolitnyi proezd 1A, Moscow, 115230 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received November 25, 2019; revised December 18, 2019; accepted December 18, 2019
Abstract—The paper considers the transformable elements of the space nuclear power plant heat removal system located in the hinge joints of deployment system and ensuring transfer of the radiator from starting to working (orbital) position. Welded plate bellows and metal hoses are considered as transformable elements. The results are presented of computational and experimental studies performed on models of hinge assemblies. DOI: 10.3103/S106879982002018X Keywords: heat removal system, space nuclear power plant, hinge joint, welded plate bellow, metal hose, radiator.
The increase of power and service life of advanced space nuclear power plants (NPP) in comparison with the early NPP [1, 2], while maintaining the energy conversion system efficiency at almost the same level (about 10 % for thermionic energy conversion) [3, 4], required to increase the area of heat removal system radiator that significantly changed the design of NPP [5, 6]. Dimensions of a carrier rocket payload zone do not allow placing a high-power NPP with radiator in operating position. In addition, the permissible integrated radiation flows from the nuclear reactor to the instrument compartment of the spacecraft assume that the reactor is distanced from the instrument compartment by the calculated value [7, 8], when optimizing the mass characteristics of the NPP. As a result, for advanced NPP, design of transformable radiators using deployment systems is considered that have two positions: starting and operating (orbital) ones [9]. One of the most common designs of NPP is a scheme, where the radiator consists of separated heatemitting panels, which are connected to a single hydraulic circuit and placed on the beams of deployment system [10]. Figure 1a demonstrates the starting position, Fig. 1b⎯the operating one. The radiator consists of heat-emitting panel 1, hinge joint 2, and deployment system beam 3.
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For ensuring the hydraulic circuit continuity, when the NPP transforms from the starting position to the orbital one, special convertible elements are used in hinge joints of deployment system that allows the deployment system beams to be moved to an angle of 180 deg. Welded plate bellows and metal hoses are considered as such elements in the promising NPP design of hinge joints. HINGE JOINT WITH WELDED PLATE BELLOWS The design of the hinge joint with welded plate bellows is called the hinge-bellow joint [11]. Welded plate bellows (Fig. 2) consist of corrugated steel membranes connected by welding on the inner and outer diameters. This type of bellows has a significantly lower stiffness, larger workin
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