Transforming Museums Mounting Queen Victoria in a Democratic South A

A detailed look at how South Africa's museum present the nation's past, and how they can serve as a lens for examining changes in South African society at large.

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on of public memory in postcolonial societies and their museums.”—Christopher B. Steiner, Director of Museum Studies, Connecticut College. “I came away [from reading Transforming Museums] with the view not only that every museum worker in South Africa should read this book, but that those dealing with anything even remotely political—especially anything touching upon race or contentious history—should do so too.”—Sharon Macdonald, Sheffield University.

Transforming Museums Mounting Queen Victoria in a Democratic South Africa Steven C. Dubin

TRANSFORMING MUSEUMS

© Steven C. Dubin, 2006. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2006 978-1-4039-7411-2 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2006 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-73707-9 ISBN 978-1-137-05775-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-05775-4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the Library of Congress. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: August 2006 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Transferred to digital pritning in 2008.

Leave the breechloader alone And turn to the pen.

* * * Load it, load it with ink. “Weapon,” I.W.W. Citashe

[There is] [n]othing that memory cannot reach or touch or call back. Memory is a weapon. Memory is the weapon, Don Mattera

Content s

List of Figures Preface Acknowledgments

viii x xvi

1 Using War to Put Food on the Table: Reflections on a Decade of Democracy

1

2 A White Step in a Black Direction: Inertia, Breakthrough, and Change in South African Museums

31

3 The First Shall Be Last: Picturing Indigenous Peoples and the Sins of Long Ago

55

4 Prisoners to Science: Sarah Bartmann and “Others”

85

5 “A Pustular Sore on a Queen’s Forehead”: District Six and the Politics of the Past

113

6 “The History of Our Future”: Revamping Edifices of a Bygone Era

147

7 Tête-à-tête: Museums and Monuments, Conversations and Soliloquies

185

8 The New South Africa: Old Routines and Current Political Realities

209

9 Transformation: Models of Success or Mediocrity?

233

10 Conclusion: A Bridge Too Far?

253

Glossary

261

Interviewees

265

Notes

269

Bibliography

303

Index

323

List of Figure s

Cover Temporary display of calendars put up in the Johannesburg Public Library foyer (Central Library in Market Square, later Library Gardens, now Beyers Naudé Squar