Transportation Systems Engineering: Theory and Methods
Science is made offactsjust as a house is made of bricks, but a collection offacts is no more science than a pile of bricks is a house. Henry Poincare The aim of the disciplines of praxis is not theoretical knowledge .... It is to change the forms of acti
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Applied Optimization Volume 49
Series Editors: Panos M. Pardalos University of Florida, U.S.A. Donald Hearn University of Florida, U.S.A.
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Transportation Systems Engineering: Theory and Methods by
Ennio Cascetta Universita degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Trasporti "Luigi Tocchetti", Napoli, Italy
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4757-6875-6 ISBN 978-1-4757-6873-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-6873-2
Printed an acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved © 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Origina11y published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner
to Manuela, Vittorio and Priscilla
CONTENTS About the Author ....................................................................................................Xlll Introduction ............................................................................................................ xv
1. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS .................................................... 1 1.1. Definition ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Transportation system identification .................................................................. 5 1.2.1. Relevant spatial and supply characteristics ................................................. 6 1.2.2. Relevant components of transport demand ................................................. 9 1.2.3. Relevant temporal dimensions .................................................................. 12 1.3. Modeling transportation systems .................................................................... 19 Reference Notes ............................................................................................. 22
2. TRANSPORTATION SUPPLY MODELS .................................. 23 2.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 23 2.2. Congested network models ............................................................................. 24 2.2.1. Graph models ............................................................................................ 25 2.2.2. Performance variables and transportation costs ....................................... 26 2.2.3. Flows ......................................................................................................... 31 2.2.4. Link performance and cost functions ......................................................... 33 2.2.5. Impacts and impact functions .................................................................... 35 2.2.6. Genera
