Treatment of liver diseases
Recommendations and discussions on the treatment of diseases and injuries are as old as medicine itself. According to our knowledge of earlier times, medicine has its origins in mythological therapy. This also applies to the treatment of liver diseases. •
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From mythology to provable treatment In global medicine In hepatology Clinical studies Types of clinical studies Problems of clinical studies Placebo Difficulty of evaluation Provability of treatment Principles of liver therapy Basic considerations Liver therapy Liver therapeutic agents Protective therapy of the liver Preconditions Forms of “liver therapy” Aims of treatment Categories of “liver therapeutics” Active substances Dose adjustment of medicaments Significance of quality of life Assessment of survival rate Nutritional therapy of liver diseases Artificial feeding Enteral feeding Parenteral feeding Diet in malnutrition Special diets Drug therapy of liver diseases Virustatics Interferon Nucleoside analogues Immunosuppressants Glucocorticoids Azathioprine Cyclosporine A Tacrolimus Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate Immunostimulants Selenium Zinc Thymosin Ursodeoxycholic acid Lactulose
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Branched-chain amino acids Amino acids of the urea cycle D-penicillamine Somatostatin Terlipressin S-adenosyl-L-methionine Haemarginate Phytotherapeutics Essential phospholipids Silymarin Glycyrrhiza glabra Colchicine Betaine Cynara scolymus Bupleurum falcatum Phyllanthus amarus Schizandra chinensis Catechin Surgical therapy of liver diseases TIPS Shunt operation Block surgery Liver resection Basic principles Classification and indications Regeneration Liver injuries Liver transplantation Indications Contraindications Preoperative diagnostics Preparation of patients Surgical aspects Postoperative features Aftercare and rehabilitation Sociomedical aspects Health awareness Preventive medicine Rehabilitation Capacity for work Self-help groups 앫 References (1⫺445) (Figures 40.1⫺40.11; tables 40.1⫺40.19)
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40 Treatment of liver diseases 1 From mythology to provable treatment 1.1 In global medicine 䉴 Recommendations and discussions on the treatment of diseases and injuries are as old as medicine itself. According to our knowledge of earlier times, medicine has its origins in mythological therapy. This also applies to the treatment of liver diseases. • Understandably, “surgical medicine”, especially traumatology, enjoyed the highest scientific status in antiquity, since the actual “cause” and medical “effect” were most obvious in this field. • Mythological ideas and rituals were theref
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