Trimetallic Au@PdPb nanowires for oxygen reduction reaction
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Trimetallic Au@PdPb nanowires for oxygen reduction reaction Xian Jiang1,2,3, Yuexin Xiong3, Ruopeng Zhao2, Jiancheng Zhou1 (), Jong-Min Lee2 (), and Yawen Tang3 () 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore 3 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China 2
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 21 April 2020 / Revised: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 30 May 2020
ABSTRACT The development of highly efficient and stable Pd-based catalysts is crucial to improve their sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics in acid media. To improve ORR activity and utilization efficiency of Pd, an ideal catalyst should have ORR-favorable chemical environment, optimized geometric structure, and long periods of operation. In this work, we first synthesize a novel trimetallic Au@PdPb core–shell catalyst consisting of PdPb alloy nano-layers grown on the surface of ultrathin Au nanowires (NWs) by a two-step water-bath method. The Au@PdPb NWs have the merits of anisotropic one-dimensional nanostructure, high utilization efficiency of Pd atoms and doping of Pb atoms. Because of the structural and multiple compositional advantages, Au@PdPb NWs exhibit remarkably enhanced ORR activity with a high haIf-wave potential (0.827 V), much better than those of commercial Pd black (0.788 V) and bimetallic Au@Pd NWs (0.803 V). Moreover, Au@PdPb NWs display better electrocatalytic stability for the ORR than those of Pd black and Au@Pd NWs. This study demonstrates the validity of our approach for deriving highly ORR-active Pd-based catalysts by modifying their structure and composition.
KEYWORDS trimetallic Au@PdPb nanowires, core–shell structure, optimized electronic structure, electrocatalyst, oxygen reduction reaction
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Introduction
Boosting oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics in acid electrolyte has crucial significance for overcoming the bottlenecks in cathodic development of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) [1–3]. Pd has been widely reported for the appreciable ORR performance in alkline media [4, 5]. However, the ORR activity and stability of Pd in acidic media are not satisfactory due to the intrinsic electronic structure and improper d-band center [6, 7]. Rational design of Pd-based core–shell structure based on manuipulation of Pd electronic structure can endow Pd with significantly improved activity and stability [8–11]. Recently, core–shell Au@Pd catalysts have been broadly investigated to assume significantly promoted electrochemical activity and durablity via altering the electronic structure of Pd [12–17]. For instance, Yang et al. reported Au@Pd nanoparticles with only three Pd atomic layers, which display superior ORR activit
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