Turkey and the European Community
The history of relations between the Europan Community and Thrkey has been a sad story, on both sides. Unrealism has been the keynote throughout. What was long overdue by the end of 1987 was to sweep away the past contradictions and tergiversations, and t
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Ahmet Evinl Geoffrey Denton (Editors) Turkey and the European Community
Ahmet Evin Geoffrey Denton (Editors)
Turkey and the European Community
Leske
+ Budrich, Opladen 1900
Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Fritz-Thyssen-Stiftung
CIP-1itelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Turkey and the European Community / Ahmet Evin; Geoffrey Denton. - Opladen: Leske u. Budrich, 1990 Schriften des Deutschen Orient-Instituts)
ISBN 978-3-8100-0646-2 ISBN 978-3-663-01422-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-663-01422-5 NE: Evin, Ahmet [Hrsg.]
© 1990 by Leske Verlag + Budrich GmbH, Opladen
Preface
The history of relations between the Europan Community and Thrkey has been a sad story, on both sides. Unrealism has been the keynote throughout. What was long overdue by the end of 1987 was to sweep away the past contradictions and tergiversations, and try to make a new start on a more realistic basis. Thrkey has now applied formally to resume as a full member of the Community. However, as several chapters of this Report show, there are on both sides great reservations about membership, unless this were intended to take place only many years ahead. Politically, the relationship between the Community and Turkey was damaged by the Cyprus and Aegean problems between Thrkey and Greece. It began to break down already in 1964, and the breach was widened by the events of 1974 in Cyprus, by Greece's ·subsequent rapid accession to the Community, and by the military take over in Thrkey in 1980. Since 1980 there has been a slow process of restoration of relations, marked by new elections in November 1983, and a gradual rehabilitation of Turkey's position in the Council of Europe by 1986, as Turkey strove to re-establish its credentials as a democratic state. Economically there were serious complaints on both sides about the working of the Association Agreement. In the Community it was feit that the economic policy of Thrkish governments prior to 1979 was in contradiction with the purposes of the Agreement. The Turkish authorities complained that agreements made by the Community with other countries nullified the advantage which Turkey was supposed to derive from the Agreement, and the Community countries put obstades in the way ofTurkish exports. An Additional Protocol of 1970, referring to the possibility of full membership by Thrkey by 1995, reflected euphoria for a larger Community rather than progress towards political and economic rapprochement. During the 1970s the political situation in Thrkey was confused, and there was no serious effort to formulate a policy leading towards membership. This allowed the Community countries to avoid having to contemplate seriously the full political implications of Turkish membership in foreseeable future. Global economic developments, with recession and growing protectionism following the OPEC-induced oil price shocks of 1973 and 1979 served to intensify the difficuIties in econornic relations between the EC and Thrkey. What then of the future of relations between Turkey and the Community? Have the ambiguit
