Two chemical mutagens modulate the seed germination, growth, and phenotypic characteristics of Chinese fir ( Cunninghami
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Two chemical mutagens modulate the seed germination, growth, and phenotypic characteristics of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Sen Cao1 · Ruiyang Hu2 · Xialei Wu1 · Yuhan Sun1 · Bo Wu1 · Hongjing Duan1 · Huazhong Lin3 · Mingjing Wu3 · Luming Fang3 · Xiaolong Yu3 · Wei Wu3 · Yun Li1
Received: 20 October 2019 / Accepted: 22 March 2020 © Northeast Forestry University 2020
Abstract Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook), a fast-growing and economically important timber tree species in China, is widely used in construction, furniture, and paper manufacture but has a long breeding cycle. Chemical mutagens, such as ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA), are widely used in crops such as rice, wheat, cotton, soybean and sugarcane but their utility for tree breeding is unknown. In this study we examined the effects of EMS and SA on Chinese fir seed germination and growth. Chinese fir seeds were treated with the two chemical mutagens; were planted in Jiangle County, Fujian Province, China; and their heights were measured from 2011 to 2017. The concentrations and durations of treatment with the
two chemical mutagens were significantly associated with the Chinese fir seedling and mortality rates, as well as with the heights of trees from the seedling stage to 3 years old. We also generated 127 mutants with abnormal branches and reproductive growth. We report here the effects of two chemical mutagens on Chinese fir breeding; our data will contribute to knowledge of the utility of EMS and SA in forestry.
Sen Cao and Ruiyang Hu have contributed equally to this work.
Forest ecosystems provide about 50% of terrestrial biodiversity (Petit and Hampe 2006; Neale and Antoine 2011) and the quality of wood from trees affects the economic value of forests. Genetic variability is important for tree species, especially for varieties with high economic value for conservation and breeding. Rich genetic variability can enhance adaptation to the environment and accelerate the breeding of trees. Mutation is key to the evolution of species diversity (Zhu et al. 2001; Ahloowalia et al. 2004) and can be induced by treatment with chemical, physical, or biological mutagens (Lagoda et al. 2012). The most popular method of mutagenesis uses chemical mutagens, such as ethyl methane
Project funding: This work was supported by grants from the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (2016B020201002), the Science and Technology Research Project of Beijing Forestry University (2018WS01), the Research and Development Project of Beijing Forestry University (2016BLPX13), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31700581), and the Key Project of the National Forestry Bureau (2012–06). The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com Corresponding editor: Lei Yu. * Yuhan Sun [email protected] * Yun Li [email protected] 1
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological
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