UbK is Involved in the Resistance of Bacillus Subtilis to Oxidative Stress
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UbK is Involved in the Resistance of Bacillus Subtilis to Oxidative Stress Takla El‑Khoury1,3 · Hien‑Anh Nguyen2 · Marie‑Pierre Candusso3 · Jihad Attieh1 · Jean‑Michel Jault3 Received: 4 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the role of UbK, a novel protein kinase, in the growth of Bacillus subtilis, especially under oxidative stress conditions. Growth profiles of wild-type and ΔubK mutant strains were assessed in the presence of paraquat, an in vivo inducer of oxidative stress. Wild-type B. subtilis cells were able to efficiently survive the stress conditions, whereas the growth profile of the ΔubK mutant strain was significantly affected. Complementation of the ΔubK mutant with a plasmid coding for a wild-type UbK restored wild-type growth phenotypes. Furthermore, we used recombinant plasmids containing the genes of the active kinase (UbK) and its inactive form (E106AUbK) to transform wild-type and ΔubK mutant strains. Our results showed that an active form of UbK is needed to restore a normal growth profile. Protein kinases allow a fine-tuning of cellular processes, including those related to metabolic adaptation to environmental cues. Our findings highlight the importance of an active UbK in the bacterial growth under oxidative stress in B. subtilis. This study revealed the role of a new protein kinase, UbK, allowing B. subtilis to survive oxidative stress.
Introduction Oxidative stress is a situation with which eukaryotes and prokaryotes have to cope and can lead to harmful effects when it is not properly controlled. It results from the accumulation of free radicals, due to the failure of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. Molecular oxygen can be a source of free radicals, called reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas another type derives from nitrogen and is called reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [1]. ROS are produced by the mitochondrial respiratory chain in eukaryotes and depends on the oxygen consumption rate and the number Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02239-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Takla El‑Khoury [email protected] * Jean‑Michel Jault jean‑[email protected] 1
Present Address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
3
Present Address: University of Lyon, CNRS, UMR5086 “Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry”, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France
of mitochondria [2]. In prokaryotes, ROS is generated through the membrane–bound respiratory chain. ROS, like superoxide anion radical (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), are highly reactive species able to irreversibly damage DNA, proteins, and lipids [3]. The production of ROS i
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