Ultra-small CoO nanocrystals anchored on reduced graphene oxide for enhanced lithium storage in lithium ion batteries
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Research Letter
Ultra-small CoO nanocrystals anchored on reduced graphene oxide for enhanced lithium storage in lithium ion batteries Kartick Bindumadhavan, and Pei-Yi Chang, Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan Ming-Hsiu Yeh, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan Ruey-an Doong, Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan Address all Correspondence to R.-A. Doong at [email protected] (Received 17 January 2017; accepted 26 April 2017)
Abstract In this study, we have developed a facile and simple route for preparation of ultrafine CoO/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanohybrids with tunable particle size and crystallinity for lithium-ion battery (LIB) application. At the optimized calcination time of 60 min, the homogeneous and ultrafine CoO nanoparticles with mean size of 4.5 nm can be intimately attached onto rGO surface to rapidly transport Li ions and electrons. The CoO/rGO exhibits excellent rate capability and high specific capacity of 520 mAh/g at 2400 mA/g. In addition, the capacity can be recovered to 900 mAh/g at 150 mA/g after 60 cycles, indicating the superior electrochemical performance of CoO/rGO for LIB applications.
Introduction The urgent needs in energy conversion and storage systems have triggered the development of new generation miniaturized systems and devices for seeking the safe and efficient energy providing systems, which can be framed in small dimensions.[1,2] Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been identified as a suitable energy generation and storage system with a high scope for improvement in performance and tailorable in various dimensions.[3–6] The electrochemical performance of LIBs has been largely improved by application of nano-dimensional metal oxide and chalcogenide materials.[7–10] In addition, the electrochemical performance of these anode materials can be significantly enhanced by the presence of carbonaceous material.[11–13] The morphology as well as particle size of metal oxides play a crucial role in determination of the electrochemical performance such as capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability of the anode materials.[14] Recently, metal oxide–graphenebased composites have been under limelight due to its superior electrochemical properties and morphological characteristics.[15,16] Ultrafine Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with high nitrogen content has shown the excellent electrochemical performance at high-current densities of 2–10 A/g along with high cycling stability.[17] The N-doped carbon nanosheets with Fe2O3, NiO, and Co3O4 nanostructures can operate at a high-current density of 15 A/g with high specific capacity.[18,19] In addition, NiCoAl-layered double hydr
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