Ultrafast THz Photonics and Applications
Ultrafast THz photonics the topic of this chapter describes the union of optical and ultrafast laser capability with electronics to achieve frequency performance and bandwidths extending well into the THz frequency range. With the demonstrated capability
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17. Ultrafast THz Photonics and Applications
Ultrafast THz
Ultrafast THz photonics describes the union of optical and ultrafast laser capability, for which the elementary excitation is the photon, with electronics to achieve frequency performance and bandwidths extending well into the THz frequency range. Optoelectronics, which is a subfield of photonics, has demonstrated the capa-
17.1 Guided-Wave THz Photonics .................. 1101 17.1.1 Subpicosecond Electrical Pulses...... 1101 17.1.2 Sample Fabrication....................... 1101 17.1.3 Generation and Measurement of the Pulses ............................... 1102 17.1.4 Electrooptic Sampling of Pulses on Transmission Lines................... 1103 17.1.5 THz Shockwave Generation on Nonlinear Transmission Lines .... 1104 17.1.6 Transmission Line Theory .............. 1105 17.1.7 THz-TDS Characterization of Transmission Lines.................... 1106 17.1.8 Guided-Wave THz-TDS Characterization of Dielectrics ........ 1110 17.1.9 THz Waveguides ........................... 1110 17.2 Freely Propagating Wave THz Photonics .. 1116 17.2.1 An Optoelectronic THz Beam System 1116 17.2.2 Other THz Transmitters .................. 1122 17.2.3 Other THz Receivers ...................... 1132 17.2.4 THz-TDS with Freely Propagating THz Pulses ................................... 1134 17.2.5 THz-TDS of Liquids ........................ 1143 17.2.6 cw THz Photomixing Spectroscopy .. 1145 References .................................................. 1145
(THz-TDS) which is described in detail. The combination of THz-TDS with THz beams will be shown to have some powerful advantages compared to traditional c.w. spectroscopy. The efficacy of THz-TDS is demonstrated by the presented characterizations of water vapor, flames, sapphire, high-resistivity silicon, n and p-type semiconductors, normal and high Tc superconductors, molecular vapors and liquids.
bility to create and to measure electrical signals that are much faster than those produced and measured by any other method. The subpicosecond electrical pulses produced optoelectronically are more than ten times faster than today’s most advanced transistors, which have switching times on the order of 10 ps. The genera-
Part D 17
Ultrafast THz photonics the topic of this chapter describes the union of optical and ultrafast laser capability with electronics to achieve frequency performance and bandwidths extending well into the THz frequency range. With the demonstrated capability to create and to measure subpicosecond electrical signals that are much faster than those produced and measured by any other method, THz photonics will help determine the direction for the development of new materials and ultra high performance technologies of the future. In the Guided-Wave THz Photonics Section the generation, measurement and applications of these very short electrical pulses are described. They can be used as probes for short electrical pulse studies and the consequent characterization of transmission lines is described, including the
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