Unconventional Nanoparticle Technology of Superconductor Ceramic Articles
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Unconventional Nanoparticle Technology of Superconductor Ceramic Articles Anatoly E. Rokhvarger and Lubov A. Chigirinsky Chem. Eng., Chem. and Materials Sc. Dept., Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA ABSTRACT Applied wet colloidal nano-processing and thermal, physical, and chemical treatments of
superconductor ceramic particles result in sintered 3D-textured crystal conglomerates to produce functionally effective macro-products, such as advanced electrical and electronic articles including superconductive adhesion coated continuous and flexible round wire. AFM images show texture evolution and confirm effectiveness of the developed combination of original ceramic-silicone material formulation and invented crystal organization methods. INTRODUCTION After the 1986 Nobel Prize winning discovery of high temperature superconductor (HTS) multi-oxide ceramics working at inexpensive liquid nitrogen temperature, the complexity of the physical properties of HTS ceramic crystals [1] and a lack of understanding of superconductive behavior of micro- and macro- HTS ceramic crystal conglomerates did not allow use of traditional Ceramic Engineering methods for inexpensive manufacturing of HTS macromaterials and products. To overcome natural and scientific barriers, we applied a nano-science multi-disciplinary approach [2, 3] in combination with an invented original material formulation [4]. As the result, we developed and proved in the lab an original silicone additive supported superconductor ceramic nanotechnology, which we named Ceramic-Silicone-Processing (CSP) [5, 6], treating HTS ceramic fine powder particles supplied by an outside producer [7]. These allowed simultaneously achieving of superconductor throughput and customary mechanical and durability requirements for novel HTS-CSP electric current carrying material and HTS-CSP products and articles from HTS-CSP advanced material. The HTS-CSP technology combines modified and adjusted traditional Colloid and Polymer Chemistry and Ceramic Engineering methods with newly invented specific superconductor processing methods, particularly methods of technologically guided ceramic nano-crystal organization into desirable 3D architecture of the sintered HTS-CSP composite material. Since the material structuring methods are completely incorporated within the developed technology entity, we begin with a brief description of the HTS-CSP technology. TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION We used HTS ceramic fine powder, particularly YBa2Cu3O7-x or YBCO, as a basic raw material. According to data submitted by the supplying company [7], the supplied YBCO powder is comprised of nano- and micro-particles with a size mean value ~0.7_m. Aggregated particles are comprised of YBCO nano-crystals with prevailing orthorhombic morphology [8]. We originally applied a multifunctional polymer additive from a group comprised of synthetic liquid silicones. Silicone polymer contains an inorganic Si – O backbone with organic groups attaching to silicon (Si) atoms. In our study we used polydimethylsilo
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