Understanding Lone Wolf Terrorism Global Patterns, Motivations and P
What drives the lone wolf terrorist to commit mass violence? What are their ideologies and motivations? How do they plan and carry out their attacks, and who do they target? How can lone wolf terrorism be effectively countered? One of the first in-depth a
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For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10159
Ramón Spaaij
Understanding Lone Wolf Terrorism
Global Patterns, Motivations and Prevention
123
Dr. Ramón Spaaij School of Social Sciences La Trobe University Melbourne, VIC Australia e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 2192-8533 ISBN 978-94-007-2980-3 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2981-0
e-ISSN 2192-8541 e-ISBN 978-94-007-2981-0
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011944127 Ó The Author(s) 2012 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Myriam Poort, Editorial Director Social Sciences at Springer Science+Business Media, who invited me to write this volume. I am grateful to Dennis de Hoog and Marieke Matthijs for their collegiality, stimulating discussions and incisive comments on an earlier version of this publication. Marieke Matthijs also provided invaluable research assistance for one of the case studies. My inspiring conversations with Astrid Meland have also helped shape some of the ideas presented in this volume. I am very grateful to Maryann Martin for her expert editing. Part of the research on which this volume is based was conducted for the European Commission Sixth Framework Program project Transnational Terrorism, Security and the Rule of Law (TTSRL). Information on the TTSRL project can be found at http://www.transnationalterrorism.eu. I thank Taylor & Francis for permission to include material from ‘‘The Enigma of Lone Wolf Terrorism: An Assessment’’, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 33 (2010): 854–870. This article has been updated, fully revised and expanded into book-length form for publication.
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Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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A Note on Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Chronology of Lone Wolf Terrorism in 1968–2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Qualitative Case Studies. . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Definition of Lone Wolf Terrorism . . . . . 3.1 The Social Construction of Terrorism 3.2 What is Lone Wolf Terrorism? . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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