Understanding the Structural Basis of Adhesion GPCR Functions
Open image in new window
- PDF / 695,934 Bytes
- 16 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 54 Downloads / 193 Views
Graphical Abstract
D. Arac¸ (*) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, GCIS W210, Chicago, IL 60637, USA e-mail: [email protected] N. Stra¨ter Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig 04103, Germany e-mail: [email protected] E. Seiradake Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK e-mail: [email protected] # Springer International Publishing AG 2016 T. Langenhan, T. Scho¨neberg (eds.), Adhesion G Protein-coupled Receptors, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 234, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41523-9_4
67
68
D. Arac¸ et al.
Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The GAIN Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 A Conserved Domain in All aGPCR Extracellular Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Structure of the GAIN Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Autoproteolysis Cleaves Off the Stachel Peptide But Does Not Release It from the GAIN Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Possible Roles of the GAIN Domain in aGPCR Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The HormR Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Olfactomedin and Lectin Domains of Latrophilins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Ectodomain Structures of Subfamily II–IX aGPCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68 70 70 70 71 72 72 73 75 79 80
Abstract
Unlike conventional G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) have large extracellular regions that are autoproteolytically cleaved from their membrane-embedded seven-pass transmembrane helices. Autoproteolysis occurs within the conserved GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain that is juxtaposed to the transmembrane domain and cleaves the last beta strand of the GAIN domain. The other domains of the extracellular region are variable and specific to each aGPCR and are likely involved in adhering to various ligands. Emerging evidence suggest that extracellular
Data Loading...
