Unexpected increase of myocardial extracellular volume fraction in low cardiovascular risk HIV patients
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(2020) 5:24
RESEARCH
Translational Medicine Communications
Open Access
Unexpected increase of myocardial extracellular volume fraction in low cardiovascular risk HIV patients Cristian Borrazzo1,2*†, Gabriella d’Ettorre1†, Giancarlo Ceccarelli1†, Massimiliano Pacilio3, Letizia Santinelli1, Eugenio Nelson Cavallari1, Ornella Spagnolello4, Valeria Silvestri5, Paolo Vassalini1, Carolina Scagnolari6, Marco Francone2, Claudio Maria Mastroianni1 and Iacopo Carbone2
Abstract Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) are prone to develop sub-clinical Cardiovascular (CV) disease, despite the effectiveness of combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). Algorithms developed to predict CV risk in the general population could be inaccurate when applied to PLWH. Myocardial Extra-Cellular Matrix (ECM) expansion, measured by computed tomography, has been associated with an increased CV vulnerability in HIV-negative population. Measurement of Myocardial Extra-Cellular Volume (ECV) by computed tomography or magnetic resonance, is considered a useful surrogate for clinical evaluation of ECM expansion. In the present study, we aimed to determine the extent of cardiovascular involvement in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients with the use of a comprehensive cardiac computed tomography (CCT) approach. Materials and methods: In the present study, ECV in low atherosclerotic CV risk PLWH was compared with ECV of age and gender matched HIV- individuals. 53 asymptomatic HIV + individuals (45 males, age 48 (42.5–48) years) on effective cART (CD4 + cell count: 450 cells/µL (IQR: 328–750); plasma HIV RNA: 10 years). Moreover, ECV was independently associated with age of participants (standardized β = 0.42 (0.33–0.89), p = 0.084). (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected] † Cristian Borrazzo, Gabriella d’Ettorre and Giancarlo Ceccarelli contributed equally and should be considered both first authors. 1 Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, University of Rome Sapienza, 00100 Rome, Italy 2 Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, University of Rome Sapienza, 00100 Rome, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommon
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