Unique mechanical properties of fullerite derivatives synthesized with a catalytic polymerization reaction
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Research Letters
Unique mechanical properties of fullerite derivatives synthesized with a catalytic polymerization reaction M. Popov and V. Blank, Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, 142190, 7a Centralnaya, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation; National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 119049, 4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University, 141700, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation S. Perfilov and D. Ovsyannikov, Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, 142190, 7a Centralnaya, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation B. Kulnitskiy, E. Tyukalova, V. Prokhorov, and I. Maslenikov, Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, 142190, 7a Centralnaya, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University, 141700, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation I. Perezhogin, Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, 142190, 7a Centralnaya, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation; Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation E. Skryleva and Yu Parkhomenko, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 119049, 4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, Russian Federation Address all correspondence to M. Popov at [email protected] (Received 31 October 2014; accepted 11 February 2015)
Abstract Fullerite derivatives synthesized with a catalytic polymerization reaction at a relatively low-pressure range of 0.5–4 GPa show unique mechanical properties: elastic recovery is 98% and hardness possibly approaches 100 GPa. Structure of the samples is also unique: one composes from fragments of C60 molecules linked by the covalent bonds. To obtain the homogeneous crack-free samples, we synthesized B4C–fullerite derivatives composite which show a 550 MPa flexural stress, a 2250 MPa compressive strength, and a 28 GPa hardness and have density of 2.2 g/cm3.
Recent discovery of a catalytic synthesis of a three-dimensional (3D)-polymerized ultrahard fullerite[1] opens wide opportunities for a practical use of the fullerene-based class of materials. Indeed, a presence of a catalyst (carbon disulfide, CS2) decreases the synthesis pressure of ultrahard fullerite by a factor of 3 at room temperature (from 18 to 6–7 GPa). Contrary to CS2, the solvents such as m-xylene have a negligible effect on C60 transformations. The sequence and pressure of phase transitions in the solvated C60/m-xylene and desolvated C60 samples are the same,[2] whereas a long-range periodic structure can be produced from the solvated C60/m-xylene,[3] contrary to the samples of pure C60 loaded under the same conditions. Mechanical properties of ultrahard fullerite synthesized with the CS2 catalyst are identical to ultrahard fullerite synthesized from pure C60. In both cases, the samples plough diamond during the sample rotation in a shear diamond anvil cell (SDAC) and their bulk
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