Use of Fuzzy Optimization and Linear Goal Programming Approaches in Urban Bus Lines Organization
Determination of bus stop locations and bus stop frequencies are important issues in public transportation planning. This study analyzes the relationships among demand, travel time, bus stop locations, frequency, fleet size and passenger capacity paramete
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Abstract Determination of bus stop locations and bus stop frequencies are important issues in public transportation planning. This study analyzes the relationships among demand, travel time, bus stop locations, frequency, fleet size and passenger capacity parameters and develops models for bus stop locations and bus service frequency using fuzzy linear programming and linear goal programming approaches. The models are microscopic and applied to determine the bus stop locations and bus service frequency in the city of Izmir, Turkey, where 26 bus routes pass through two stops in the center city. The fuzzy optimization model minimizes the passenger access time and in-vehicle travel time. The reduction of the values of the bus service frequency and time parameters derived by the two proposed models are validated by a cost function. Encouraging results are obtained.
1 Introduction The locations of bus stops and the number of stops and scheduling directly affects transit system’s performance and operation efficiency. For operations the most essential criteria is optimal bus frequency and correct bus schedules. Correct bus schedules affect waiting times in bus stops, passenger demand and comfort of travel especially in peak periods. The higher (or lower) bus frequencies yield higher operation costs and less demand. Y. S. Murat (&) S. Kutluhan Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] N. Uludag _ Yorum Building and Construction Inc., Istanbul, Turkey e-mail: [email protected]
V. Snášel et al. (eds.), Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 223, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00930-8_33, Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
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The question is how to select the best combination of the values of the parameters. Each transit system is unique in the demand pattern and the route characteristics, and operating practices. Thus the problem cannot be completely sanitized and solved in an abstract form. Rather, it is desirable to solve the problem considering unique circumstances, constraints, and analyst’s judgement in the process. Bus stop locations and frequency have been considered by many researchers in literature. Chien and Qina [1], studied on a mathematical model in order to improve bus service accessibility. Furth and Rahbee [2], developed an approach to examine a bus route with alternation of the bus stop locations; on a simple geographic model and the demand distribution is carried out. Saka [3], developed an optimal bus spacing model, in contemplation of minimizing access time of passengers and operation costs at the same time. Dell’Olio et al. [4], developed a bus stop location model based on optimizing a bus transit operation cost function. LeBlanc [5], developed a model for determining frequencies, using a modal-split assignment programming model.Wirasinghe [6], studied on the validity of frequency determination method by Newell. Alp [7], modeled the frequency of bus transit ne
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