Using Illumina-Based Sequence Analysis to Guide Probiotic Candidate Selection and Isolation
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Using Illumina-Based Sequence Analysis to Guide Probiotic Candidate Selection and Isolation Wenfeng Wang 1 & Yi Li 1 & Wangsen Qin 1 & Changyi Sun 1 & Hongming Tan 2 & Lixiang Cao 2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017
Abstract Selection for probiotic candidates by in vivo experimental trials is time and labor consuming; more informed strategy is needed to select successful probiotic candidates. The aim of the study was to elucidate the microbial taxa transmitted from maize seeds to seedlings during the germination process of maize and their probiotic effects. The bacterial and fungal taxa in kernel germs and sprouts were analyzed by Illumina-based sequencing. The sprouts contained more diverse fungi than those in germs. The bacterial species (OTUs) declined with the germination from germs to the sprouts. However, the endophytic fungal diversity increased during the germination process. Seed-borne dominant bacterial genera Bacillus, Halomonas, and Shewanella and dominant fungal genera Aspergillus were also detected in sprouts. The spore-forming bacteria BS3 isolated directly from sprouts could promote growth of maize seedling and resistance to F. verticillioides under F. verticillioides-infested soils. The results suggested that maize contained core bacterial and fungal taxa during the development from seeds to sprouts, and the core endophytes showed more intimate correlation with host plants than did other microbial taxa. Illumina-based sequence analysis is feasible to guide probiotic candidate selection and isolation.
Keywords Aspergillus . Bacillus . Endophyte . Maize . Plant probiotics * Lixiang Cao [email protected] 1
Department of Laboratory, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
2
School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Introduction With nearly 850 million metric tons of global annual production, maize is the most widely grown cereal and provides essential carbohydrates to the diets of billions of people [1]. Given its widespread planting in monoculture, maize may be viewed as an ecosystem engineer strongly responsible for shaping the agricultural environment for cohabitating species, the rhizospheres from maize inbreds exhibited both a small but significant proportion of heritable variation in total bacterial diversity across fields [2]. The interactions between maize genotype and rhizosphere microbiota have been considered as a promising target for crop improvement [1]. The maize plants are inhabited by complex microbial communities that play important role in plant growth and health [3, 4]. They generally colonize the plant tissues and can form a range of different relationships including mutualistic, commensalistic and symbiotic, alternatively termed plant probiotics [5]. Studies on the core root microbiome of Arabidopsis showed that the dominant endospheric phyla are much less diverse than the rhizospheric phyla, and a potential core root microbiome could be identified [6]. Manipulation of the plant microbiome by plant probiotics has the
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