Using Information and Communications Technology as an Enabler for Designing an Efficient National Level Vaccination Plan
This paper presents a system that enhances the effectiveness of a national vaccination planning and dispensing system for countries where the Government has been spending huge resources with not much success in out reaching vaccination programs to remote
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eywords²Child vaccination, Healthcare, Health informatics, Electronic medical record, ICT. I. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION
The role of information and communications technology (ICT) cannot be neglected in improving healthcare delivery in the developing world. There are many challenges being faced in providing infant healthcare due to which many children die every year under the age of 5. Immunization is the process performed in order to make an individual resistant to infectious diseases. This is considered one of the most successful components to help reduce spread of infectious diseases and is done typically by providing vaccines WKDW VWLPXODWH ERG\¶V LPPXQH V\VWHP KHQFH UHVXOWLQJ LQ saving many children from illness and death every year. Pakistan is ranked 23rd in the world [1] for under-5 child mortality rate due to many factors like high mortality rate of infants, increasing malnutrition and increasing spread of preventable diseases like pneumonia and diarrhea. 25% of under-5 deaths and high mortality rate of infants can be prevented with vaccines [2] in Pakistan due to which there © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 A. Badnjevic (ed.), CMBEBIH 2017, IFMBE Proceedings 62, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4166-2_95
x Security issues during access to remote areas x Unavailability of children x No supervision on management level for tracking activities of health workers
The increasing number of Polio cases during the past years has been an alarming situation for the Government and Public Health departments. The confirmed reported Polio cases in Pakistan out of total number of cases reported worldwide from the year 2005 to 2015 are given as follow. [5]- [16] x 2005: 28 out of total 1951 worldwide cases. x 2006: 40 out of total 1997 worldwide cases. x 2007: 32 out of total 1310 worldwide cases. x 2008: 117 out of total 1652 worldwide cases. x 2009: 89 out of total 1604 worldwide cases. x 2010: 144 out of total 1349 worldwide cases. x 2011: 198 out of total 650 worldwide cases. x 2012: 58 out of total 223 worldwide cases. x 2013: 93 out of total 416 worldwide cases. x 2014: 306 out of total 359 worldwide cases. 6
6 A.S. Khan and S.A. Khan
x 2015: 54 out of total 74 worldwide cases. In this era of information and communication technology, we can better improve the vaccination process currently being followed in Pakistan by using latest technologies to introduce such a system that meets the needs of Public Health Department as dispatching timely vaccinations is one of the major challenges being faced these days. Several medical devices and Health Information Systems (HIS) have been produced as a result of technological breakthrough in health informatics and biomedical engineering. Health information technology has been an initiative of improving health-care by adding information technology to ZRUNIRUPDQDJLQJLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWSHRSO
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