U(VI) sorption onto natural sorbents
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U(VI) sorption onto natural sorbents Anna Semenkova1 · Petr Belousov2 · Aleksandra Rzhevskaia1 · Yulia Izosimova3 · Konstantin Maslakov1 · Inna Tolpeshta3 · Anna Romanchuk1 · Victoria Krupskaya2,4,5 Received: 10 April 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract This investigation made it possible to compare the sorption capacity of mineral and organic sorbents in respect to U(VI). In order to establish the patterns of sorption, natural sorbents with a high content of rock-forming mineral were used: glauconite, diatomite, zeolite, peat, brown and hard coals, shungite. Each sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence method, scanning electron microscope, XPS spectra, potentiometric acid–base titration and surface area measurement. The partitioning of U(VI) was determined by sequential extraction technique. It was shown that the highest sorption ability and strongest interaction towards U(VI) is common to peat and brown coal. Keywords Uranium · Sorption · Desorption · Mineral sorbents · Carbon-containing materials
Introduction The rapid development of the nuclear industry has resulted in the generation of large amounts of low- and high-level nuclear waste, the isolation which the from environment is an important task. Today, humankind is as concerned about the danger posed to the local environment and population also by former uranium mines. Also as a consequence of mining and milling activities, a number of territories have
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07318-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Petr Belousov [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Leninskie Gory 1‑3, Moscow, Russia 119899
2
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Science (IGEM RAS), Moscow, Russia 119017
3
Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Leninskie Gory 1‑3, Moscow, Russia 119899
4
Faculty of Geology, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Leninskie Gory 1‑3, Moscow, Russia 119899
5
The Nuclear Safety Institute, Russian Academy of Science (IBRAE RAS), Staromonetny per. 35, Moscow, Russia 115191
already been contaminated with uranium [1, 2]. In case of water entry, uranium poses a hazard due to its radioactive nature and toxicity.[3, 4]. Uranium exists in various oxidation states, but under environmental conditions it is most common for it to exist in oxidation states U4+, UVO2+, and UVIO22+ [5]. Under oxidizing geochemical conditions, the most stable valence of uranium is U(VI) [6], which exists in acidic aqueous solutions as the uranyl ion, U O22+. At different pH values and solution composition, U(VI) exists in different hydroxyl and polynuclear forms [7]. Different treatment processes have been proposed for the removal of uranium from aqueous solutions [6, 8–11]— chemical precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, alum coa
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