Validation of a Practical Forearm Supination Strength Measurement Technique in the Large Sample Cohort
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Validation of a Practical Forearm Supination Strength Measurement Technique in the Large Sample Cohort Francesco Luceri1 · Davide Cucchi2 · Ivan Pichierri3,4 · Carlo Eugenio Zaolino3 · Alessandra Menon3,5 · Joseph Martin Nikhil6 · Paolo Angelo Arrigoni3,4 · Pietro Simone Randelli3,5 Received: 30 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 © Indian Orthopaedics Association 2020
Abstract Introduction The strength of forearm in pronation and supination (P/S) is an important clinical assessment during preoperative examination as well as in post-operative evaluation. Many clinical trials concerning the measurement of forearm P/S strength were performed using a dynamometer fixed on the wall. The aim of this study was to bring out a simple and reliable technique for the measurement of P/S strength using a dynamometer manually supported and stabilized by an examiner. We hypothesized that there are no differences in evaluation of elbow P/S strength using the dynamometer fixed or the dynamometer stabilized by an operator in healthy people. Methods The study was performed on a cross-sectional cohort of 100 healthy subjects without any history of injuries or previous surgery of the upper limbs. Isometric forearm P/S strengths were measured on the dominant and non-dominant forearms, using the dynamometer fixed on a table, and using the same dynamometer kept by an operator. The measurements were repeated in triplicate at 45°, 90° and 120° of elbow flexion in both upper limbs for all patients. Results A total of 100 subjects (50 females, 50 males) were included in the study group. The mean age was 46.5 years (range 25–52 years). Female and male subjects showed no significant differences concerning the mean age (F/M ratio 0.50/0.50). The mean body mass index of all participants was 24.34 ± 3.66 kg/m2. No significant statistics difference was reported between the P/S strength measured using the two detection methods in our study group (45°, 90° and 120° of elbow flexion and both upper limbs). Conclusion The manually stabilized technique is a valid and reliable technique to assess the P/S strength of the forearm. This is a simple and effective method that may be reproduced in our daily clinical practice as well as in sportive practice. Keywords Forearm pronation–supination · Biceps · Strength assessment · Digital dynamometer * Francesco Luceri [email protected] 1
IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi, 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
2
Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund‑ Freud‑Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
3
U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
4
Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
5
Laboratorio di Biomeccanica Applicata, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan,
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