Valorization of Plantain Stalk and Polystyrene Wastes for Composite Development
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Valorization of Plantain Stalk and Polystyrene Wastes for Composite Development Adewale G. Adeniyi1 · Damilola Victoria Onifade1 · Sulyman A. Abdulkareem1 · Mutiu K. Amosa2 · Joshua O. Ighalo1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The worldwide increase in consumption of energy and resources has led to various unsustainable developments which has called for the development of sustainable use of resources and reduction in energy consumption. Natural fibre reinforced composites that are synthesised and cured at room temperatures appears to be a fulfilment for this need towards achieving truly sustainable and optimised development processes of high importance. This study was aimed at demonstrating the viability of plantain fibres and solvated polystyrene resin in preparing composites. Plantain Fibre Polystyrene Composites were prepared using hand lay-up method with untreated fibres and fibres treated with 1.5–4.5% NaOH; three levels of fibre content (5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt%); and three levels of fibre length (2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm). The composites were characterized for their tensile strength, functional groups and surface morphology. It was observed that treated plantain fibres have better adhesion to polystyrene resin compared to the untreated fibres. It was also observed that untreated fibre composites gave a higher tensile strength compared to treated fibre composites. Keywords Composite · Fibre · Resin · Plantain · Polystyrene · Waste
Introduction The development of novel eco-friendly materials is largely triggered by environmental awareness and ecological concerns. The evolution of composites has been aided by their desirable properties in corrosive environment with higher specific strength and lower lifecycle costs [1, 2]. The development of Natural Fibre Polymer Composites (NFCs) addresses strategies such as the prevention of natural resources depletion and assurance of good economic returns. NFC materials are classified as a special class of materials that seek to remediate most of the environmental and economic issues associated with synthetic fibres reinforced composites [3]. NFCs are used in different applications including aerospace, construction, sensors, sports equipment, food packaging, and automotive industries [4]. NFCs * Adewale G. Adeniyi [email protected] 1
Chemical Engineering Department, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR), The Petroleum Regulatory Agency of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria
2
also attract widespread interest because of their improved mechanical properties, excellent chemical resistance, significant processing advantages alongside their low costs and densities [5]. Natural fibres are extracted from different parts of a plant such as the leaves, stems, fruits, seeds, and roots, and they are preferred for many industrial applications due to their availability, low production cost, low weight, renewability, biodegradability, high specific strength, and low health risk [6]
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