Variation in leaf anatomy, vascular traits and nanomechanical cell-wall properties among European beech ( Fagus sylvatic
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RESEARCH PAPER
Variation in leaf anatomy, vascular traits and nanomechanical cell-wall properties among European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances Monika Kardošová 1 & Hana Husárová 1 & Daniel Kurjak 1 & Rastislav Lagaňa 2 & Miriama Šuleková 2 & Veronika Uhrinová 1 & Dušan Gömöry 1 & Jaroslav Ďurkovič 1 Received: 26 February 2020 / Accepted: 16 July 2020 # INRAE and Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract & Key message Structural and ultrastructural traits of leaf xylem vary among European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances in relation to climate. High tracheary element lumen area was observed in central Europe and decreased towards the range margins, while tracheary element density displayed opposite trend. Leaf anatomy and xylem cell-wall deformation were associated with climate continentality at the sites of origin. & Context Understanding structural and physiological properties of tree populations adapted to local climate in response to climate may be of direct relevance for forestry. & Aims Identifying patterns of heritable geographical variation and phenotypic associations of leaf-anatomical, vascular and cellwall properties in European beech, a dominant tree species of European forests. & Methods Fifteen beech populations planted in a common-garden test were studied employing gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements as well as light and atomic force microscopies of leaf samples. & Results Nanomechanical properties of leaf-xylem cell walls did not show a clear geographical trend, but were correlated with the temperature seasonality of the site of origin. Populations from eastern Germany, northern Poland and the Czech Republic showed lower tracheary element lumen area and higher tracheary element density compared with the other populations, while xylem conductivity negatively correlated with latitude. Thickness of leaf parenchyma layers increased towards the East and, consequently, correlated with temperature indicators of climate continentality. No correlation between structural and physiological traits was observed.
Handling Editor: Erwin Dreyer Contribution of the co-authors DG and JĎ conceived and designed the experiments and conducted statistical analyses of data; MK, HH, RL, MŠ and VU carried out microscopic analyses; DK provided physiological data; RL provided scientific advice and supervised atomic-force microscopy; MK, DG and JĎ wrote the first draft; all authors commented the manuscript. * Dušan Gömöry [email protected]
Miriama Šuleková [email protected] Veronika Uhrinová [email protected]
Monika Kardošová [email protected]
Jaroslav Ďurkovič [email protected]
Hana Husárová [email protected] Daniel Kurjak [email protected]
1
Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, TG Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
Rastislav Lagaňa [email protected]
2
Faculty of Wood Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, TG Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
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Annals of Forest Science
(2020) 77:83
Conclusion The ob
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