Voltammetric nonenzymatic sensing of glucose by using a porous nanohybrid composed of CuS@SiO 2 spheres and polypyrrole
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Voltammetric nonenzymatic sensing of glucose by using a porous nanohybrid composed of CuS@SiO2 spheres and polypyrrole Sivaprakasam Radhakrishnan 1 & Vinoth Ganesan 2 & Jinkwon Kim 2 Received: 2 December 2019 / Accepted: 16 March 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Porous spheres of CuS@SiO2 were obtained by deposition of CuS on silica spheres through a one-step chemical method. Subsequently, polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on the CuS@SiO2 spheres. The formation of the porous spheres was elucidated by control experiments and physical characterizations. The nanohybrid was placed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface where it displays good electrocatalytic activity in terms of glucose electrooxidation with an optimum at a working potential of 0.55 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The PPy-CuS@SiO 2 achieves an extremely high sensitivity (505.3 μA mM−1 cm−2), wide linear range (10 μM–4.2 mM), low detection limit (1.0 μM), short response time (˂ 0.5 s), high selectivity, long-term durability, and reproducibility. The fabricated electrode based on PPy-CuS@SiO2 was further used for the determination of glucose in blood sample with good recoveries. Keywords Amperometric detection . Copper silicate . Human blood serum . Template method . One-pot preparation . Conducting polymers . Metal sulfides . Hydrothermal method
Introduction The preparation of nanomaterials with special morphologies was useful for several applications because of their unique physicochemical properties [1–3]. Various approaches have been used to synthesize spheres with assistance of templates including polystyrene spheres, silica sols, liquid drops, vesicles, polymer micelles, and microemulsion droplets [4, 5]. The Ostwald ripening and Kirkendall effects are classic phenomena, which are broadly used for the preparation of hollow Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04227-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sivaprakasam Radhakrishnan [email protected] * Jinkwon Kim [email protected] 1
Electronics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630 003, India
2
Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju-si, Chungnam-do 32588, Republic of Korea
structure materials through conversion of chemical reaction [5, 6]. Transition-metal sulfides have been of much interest because of their unique properties. Among the transition-metal chalcogenides, copper sulfide (CuS) is one of the most important semi-conductor transition-metal sulfides that has been investigated broadly. CuS holds good chemical and physical properties making them useful in a wide range of applications including gas sensors, Li-ion batteries, electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, optical filters, optical recording material, and solar cells [7–9]. Furthermore, the unique morphology is a key role in obtaining improved performa
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