Waste tires steel fiber in concrete: a review
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REVIEW
Waste tires steel fiber in concrete: a review Temitope F. Awolusi1 · Oluwaseyi L. Oke1 · Olumoyewa D. Atoyebi2 · Olufunke O. Akinkurolere1 · Adebayo O. Sojobi3 Received: 17 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The emergence of waste tire steel fiber (WTSF) which is an undervalued resource was borne out of the need to extract the useful materials in waste tires considering the sheer volume of this resource that is disposed of in landfills globally. These fibers find applications in tunnel linings, hydraulic structures, bridge decks, pavements and slope stabilization. The fiber length has positive influence on compressive strength (increased by more than 10%), flexural strength (increased by more than 50%) and split-tensile strength(increased by more than 30%) while slump and flow (increased by more than 80%) were reduced but can be avoided through careful mixing, reduction of coarse aggregates and utilization of short fibers. Utilization of WTSF contributes to the sustainability of the construction industry. This paper focuses on reviewing the contemporary management of waste tires, fresh and hardened properties of steel fibers extracted from the waste tires, usage of the steel fibers and the durability of concrete containing these fibers. Keywords Waste tire · Steel fibers · Concrete · Sustainability · Civil engineering · Construction
Introduction Concrete is a composite material, brittle in nature with applications in many architectural structures, foundation, walls, bridges, roads, dams and reservoirs [1]. As a result of these various applications, a lot of research efforts have been made to improve concrete properties for better applicability [2–4]. One of such attempts to improve concrete properties was the * Olumoyewa D. Atoyebi [email protected] Temitope F. Awolusi [email protected] Oluwaseyi L. Oke [email protected] Olufunke O. Akinkurolere [email protected] Adebayo O. Sojobi aosojobi2‑[email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu‑Aran, Kwara, Nigeria
3
Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
introduction of steel into the concrete. These conventional reinforcements are in form of steel reinforcing bars placed at specific positions in the structure to resist imposed tensile and shear stresses [5, 6]. The incorporation of steel fibers on the other hand is usually discontinuous and randomly dispersed in the concrete mix. For concrete mix where the fibers are well dispersed they play a major role in minimizing the occurrence of cracks which may occur due to changes in temperature and relative humidity. The inclusion of fibers in the concrete mix enhances the engineering behavior of mortar and concrete. Although the role of fiber may not necessarily be in the form of strength increase it has a significant positive
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