Waste Materials and By-Products in Concrete
Non-hazardous waste materials and by-products which are mostly landfilled can be used in making concrete and similar construction materials. This book gives a summary of this usage: one chapter is devoted to each material, comprising an introduction, chem
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Rafat Siddique
Waste Materials and By-Products in Concrete
With 151 Figures and 174 Tables
Rafat Siddique Professor Department of Civil Engineering, Thapar University (Formerly, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology) Patiala (Punjab) 147 004 India
ISBN: 978-3-540-74293-7
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-74294-4
ISSN: 1612-1317 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007933830 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover Design: deblik, Berlin Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
To my father – the man who illuminated my path and inspired me throughout my life, I gratefully dedicate this book
Preface
Large quantities of waste materials and by-products are generated from manufacturing processes, service industries and municipal solid wastes, etc. As a result, solid waste management has become one of the major environmental concerns in the world. With the increasing awareness about the environment, scarcity of land-fill space and due to its ever increasing cost, waste materials and by-products utilization has become an attractive alternative to disposal. High consumption of natural sources, high amount production of industrial wastes and environmental pollution require obtaining new solutions for a sustainable development. During recent years there has been a growing emphasis on the utilization of waste materials and by-products in construction materials. Utilization of waste materials and by-products is a partial solution to environmental and ecological problems. Use of these materials not only helps in getting them utilized in cement, concrete, and other construction materials, it helps in reducing the cost of cement and concrete manufacturing, but also has numerous indirect benefits such as reduction in landfill cost, saving in energy, and protecting the environment form possible pollution effects. Further, their utilization may improve the microstructure, mechanical and durability properties of mortar and concrete, which are difficult to achieve by the use of only ordinary Portland cement. Significant research has been going-on in various parts of the world on the subject. Some waste materials and by-products have established their credentials in their
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